太原市不同交通路口尾气污染对学龄儿童免疫功能的影响

目的探讨不同交通路口尾气污染对学龄儿童免疫功能的影响。方法选取重交通污染区小学(A校)、轻交通污染区小学(B校),采用整群抽样的方法抽取五、六年级的学生142名,计数外周血细胞(白细胞、淋巴细胞、中间细胞、红细胞、血小板)、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+百分含量、CD4+/CD8+比值)、唾液溶菌酶含量和血清免疫球蛋白含量。结果A校小学生外周血细胞(白细胞、淋巴细胞、中性细胞、红细胞、血小板)均高于B校,除中间细胞外,差异均有显著性(P<0.05);A校小学生的唾液溶菌酶、免疫球蛋白(IgG)、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+百分含量、CD4+/CD8+比值)均低于B校(P<0.05)。结论太原市不同路口尾气污染对学龄儿童的非特异性免疫、细胞免疫功能有抑制作用,对细胞和体液免疫有一定的影响。

Impact of different traffic crossroads exhaust pollution on immune function of the school-age children in Taiyuan City

Objective to discuss the impact of different traffic crossroad exhaust pollution on the immune function of school-age children. Methods A school in the heavy traffic polluted area and B school in the less traffic polluted area were selected. Total 142 students from five to six grades in both areas were sampled. The level of peripheral blood cells (WBC, lymphocytes, neutral cells, red blood cells, platelets) and the T lymphocyte subpopulations (the percenages of CD_3~+ ,CD_4~+ ,CD_8~+ and the ratio of CD_4~++/CD_8~+), saliva lysozyme contents and immunoglobulin content were determined. Results Except for neutral cells, the peripheral blood cells level (WBC, lymphocytes, red blood cells, platelets) of children in the A school were higher than those in the B school. The contents of saliva lysozyme, immunoglobulin(IgG), T lymphocyte subpopulations (the percentages of CD_3~+ , CD_4~+ and the ratio of CD_4~+/CD_8~+) in the A school were lower than those in the B school (P < 0.05). Conclusion Exhaust pollution of different traffic crossroads could inhibit nonspecific immunity and cell immunity, and impact the level of blood cells and humoral immunity.