武汉淡水鱼中重金属含量分析及安全性初步研究

以中国南方湖泊中的淡水鱼及其生活环境为研究对象,采用ICP-OES法对主要经济鱼种体内的重金属含量进行了研究,具体研究对象选择了武汉市周边具有代表性的湖泊———南湖、东湖和野芷湖,对湖泊底积物、湖水和主要淡水鱼采用ICP-OES法分别测定锌、铜、铅、铬、镉等重金属元素的含量。分析结果表明:野芷湖和东湖湖水中铜和镉含量分别为10.0μg/L和5.4μg/L,超过了国家规定的淡水养殖水域的水质标准。三个湖底泥中的镉含量分别为0.95mg/L、1.07mg/L、1.13mg/L,均超过无公害水产品产地环境要求。鱼类不同组织器官对各种重金属积累能力明显不同,主要分布于鳞片、鳃中,其食用部分各种重金属含量均低于人体卫生消费标准。

Concentrations of heavy metals and safe assessments of fishes in main lakes from Wuhan City

The concentrations of Zn,Cu,Pb,Cr and Cd have been measured by ICP-OES in clays,water and fishes from representative lake,including South Lake,East Lake and Yezhi Lake in Wuhan City.The results were obtained as follow: the concentration of Cu from Yezhi Lake and the concentration of Cd from East Lake are respectively 0.010mg/L and 0.0054mg/L,and higher than the standard of water quality in fresh water cultivation.The concentrations of cadmium from three lakes sediments are 0.95mg/L,1.07mg/L and 1.13mg/L,and also higher than the surroundings requirement of environmentally harmless aquatic products.The variety of concentrations of heavy metals have been observed in different tissues and different families.Heavy metals are mainly accumulated in scales and gills.The concentrations of heavy metals of mussels are much lower than the health standard of consumptions.