陕西咸阳地区妇女人乳头瘤病毒感染状况分析

目的：调查陕西省咸阳地区女性生殖道人乳头瘤病毒（ HPV）亚型分布、年龄特征和多重感染情况，为宫颈癌的筛查及防治提供理论依据。方法采用反向点杂交基因扩增法对2012年1月至2014年1月在陕西中医学院附属医院就诊的1295例女性进行HPV基因亚型检测，包括18种高危型和10种低危型，分析比较感染程度、感染型别、年龄分布及多重感染情况。结果 HPV感染率为48．11％（623/1295），检出19种型别，15种高危亚型和4种低危亚型；亚型感染阳性总数为744例，高危型感染率为43．40％（562/1295），低危型感染率为14．05％（182/1295）；高危亚型排在前3位的分别是HPV16（25．40％）、HPV52（9．68％）、HPV18（6．32％），低危亚型感染率最高者HPV6（8．60％）；26～35岁组、46～55岁组感染率较高，分别为59．69％（194/325）和59．04％（98/166），两组间比较无显著性差异（χ2＝0．02，P＞0．05），两组分别与16～25岁组、36～45岁组、≥56岁组比较均有显著性差异（χ2值分别为13．49、30．70、13．34，均P＜0．01）；高危亚型感染率以26～35岁组及46～55岁为高，分别为52．92％（172/325）和47．59％（79/166），两组间比较无显著性差异（χ2＝1．81，P＞0．05）；在所有感染患妇女中以单一亚型感染为主，感染率为40．93％（530/1295），在阳性构成比中占85．07％（530/623）；在多重感染中以二重感染为主，感染率为5．71％（74/1295），在阳性构成比中占11．88％（74/623）。结论该地区HPV感染率较高，以单一高危亚型HPV16感染为主，26～35岁组和46～55岁组是HPV感染及高危亚型感染的高发阶段，在多重感染中以二重感染为主，既符合亚洲及中国地区人群的分布规律，又有一定的区域差异。

Analysis of women infected with human papilloma virus in Xianyang of Shaanxi Province

Objective To investigate the subtype distribution, age features and multiple infections of female genital human papilloma virus （ HPV） in Xianyang in order to provide theoretical basis for screening, prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.Methods For 1 295 female patients visiting Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine from January 2012 to January 2014, reverse dot blotting （ RDB） gene amplification method was adopted to detect HPV gene subtypes, including 18 high-risk subtypes and 10 low-risk subtypes.The degree and type of infection, age distribution and multiple infections were compared.Results HPV infection rate was 48.11%（623/1 295）.Totally 19 types were detected, including 15 high-risk subtypes and 4 low-risk subtypes.The total number of individual positive subtype was 744, in which high-risk infection rate was 43.40%（562/1 295） and low-risk infection rate was 14.05%（182/1 295）.The top three high-risk subtypes were HPV16 （25.40%）, HPV52 （9.68%） and HPV18 （6.32%）, respectively.The low-risk subtype with highest infection rate was HPV6 （8.60%）.The infection rates of the group aged 26-35 years and the group aged 46-55 years were 59.69%（194/325） and 59.04%（98/166）, respectively, which was not significantly different （χ2 =0.02, P〉0.05）. But they were significantly different from those of the group aged 16-25 years, the group aged 36-45 years and the group aged≥56 years （χ2 value was 13.49, 30.70 and 13.34, respectively, all P〈0.01）.The infection rate of high-risk subtypes was high in group aged 26-35 years and 46-55 years, which was 52.92% （172/325） and 47.59% （79/166）, respectively.There was no significant difference between two groups （χ2 =1.81,P〉0.05）.Single genetic subtype infection was dominant and the infection rate was 40.93% （530/1 295） in all of infected women.Single genetic subtype infection accounted for 85.07% （530/623） in positive proportion.In multiple infections, superinfection was primary