南京地区强制戒毒人群HCV感染的流行病学调查

目的：了解南京地区吸毒人群中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染现状，分析吸毒方式、社会特征、性行为特征等和HCV感染的关系，为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法：以南京市强制戒毒所587名戒毒人员作为调查对象，制定统一的调查问卷进行调查，并采集静脉血检测HCV抗体。结果：587名吸毒者HCV抗体总阳性率为61．7％。毒品滥用的种类、方式、滥用时间长短是HCV感染率高低的重要影响因素。静脉注射毒品组显著高于其他方式组（X^2=138．97，P=0．000）；吸食海洛因者显著高于吸食其他毒品者（X^2=76．82，P=0．000）；吸毒时间长短与HCV感染率呈趋势性相关（X^2=104．37，P=0．000）；而是否共用注射器及共用频率与HCV感染率未见显著性差异（X^2=0．00，P=0．958；X^2=0．41，P=0．524）。该人群不同性别、民族和职业间HCV感染率无显著性差异，而不同年龄和文化程度之间有显著性差异（X^2=6．44，P=0．011；X^2=8．41，P=0．004）。安全套的使用在遏制吸毒人群HCV感染方面具有着重要的作用。结论：南京地区吸毒人群的HCV感染率总体较高，多个性伴侣，安全套使用率低，以及静脉注射吸毒等高危行为普遍存在，应采取综合干预措施，控制HCV的传播，降低感染率。

Epidemiological survey on the HCV infection among drug users in Nanjing area

Objective： To describe the characteristics of HCV infection among drug users in Nanjing area and the effect on HCV infection from drug using behaviors, social characteristics and sexual behaviors,and provide baseline data for valid intervention. Methods： Face-to-face interview using questionnaire and serum anti-HCV antibody test were conducted among 587 drug users forced to refrain drug in Nanjing. Results： Among 587 drug users, the overall anti-HCV antibody positive rate was 61.7%. The sero prevalence rate is significant associated with kind, method and longer duration of drug use, IDUs higher than other addicts （X^2 = 138. 97, P=0. 000）, heroin addicts higher than other kinds of drug users（X^2 =76. 82,P=0. 00）, and trend analysis indicated that HCV sero prevalence rate increased along with the longer duration of drug use（x^2 = 104. 37,P=0. 000）. No statistical difference of HCV sero prevalence rate between non- needle- sharing IDUs and needle- sharing ones, even though sharing times〉5（x^2 =0. 00,P=0. 958 and x^2 =0. 41,P=0. 524）. Statistical heterogeneity was significant with different age and educational background（x^2= 6. 44,P= 0. 011 and x^2= 8. 41,P=0. 004）, while no significant differences were shown with different sex, nation and occupation. Using condom in sexual intercourse is important to prevent the prevalence of HCV in drug users. Conclusion： The HCV infection rata was high in drug users in Nanjing area, behaviors at high risk like sharing syringes, multi-sex partners, low rate of condom use and drug injection were commonly identified. Strategies and measures should be done to reduce HCV infection.