肿瘤医院就诊患者HIV感染状况分析

目的探讨肿瘤医院患者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染状况及临床分布特点,协助临床诊断和治疗,防止院内感染的发生。方法对本院2005年1月-2011年12月期间的就诊患者进行HIV抗体检测,筛选出HIV抗体阳性患者,并对其进行回顾性分析。结果 62 034例患者中共检出HIV抗体阳性105例,占检测总数1.69‰,其中住院患者阳性率1.26‰;HIV感染呈逐年增多趋势,2005年-2011年7年中分别检出9例、10例、9例、14例、15例、24例、25例;年龄以40～49岁例数最多,占28.57%;临床科室以头颈病区的头颈部肿瘤例数最高,占17.14%;金标法操作简便、快捷、特异性高,酶联免疫吸附试验灵敏度高能有效防止漏检。结论肿瘤医院患者中HIV阳性例数呈逐年上升的趋势,对患者术前、输血前和各种创伤侵袭性操作前必须对其进行HIV常规检查,以防止院内感染的发生。

Analysis of HIV infection status in cancer hospital

Objective To investigate the HIV infection states in tumor patients for assisting clinical diagnosis,treatment to prevent HIV infection in the tumor hospitals.Methods The result of HIV detection in patients form January,2005 to December,2011 was analyzed retrospectively.Results 105 cases of positive HIV antibodies were detected from 62 034 tumor patients,accounting for 1.69‰ of the total number cases,the inpatients positive rate was 1.26‰.The HIV infection was increased year by year.The positive number was 9,10,9,14,15,24 and 25 for each year form 2005 to 2011.Most of the HIV patients were aged 40 to 49 years,accounting for 28.57%.Among the clinical departments,the head﹠neck department had the highest positive rate with the head﹠neck tumor accounting for 17.14‰.Conclusions The Colloidal gold method is specific,easy and simple,while ELISA has higher sensitivity to avoid missing diagnosis.The number of cancer patients with HIV positive is increasing year by year,so before surgery,blood transfusion and all kinds of traumatic or intrusion inspection,HIV detection must be taken as a routine examination for the patients.