济南市城乡女性乳腺癌2012-2015年发病和死亡分析

目的 乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤.为了解济南市乳腺癌发病和死亡情况,对济南市2012-2015年女性乳腺癌发病和死亡现状进行了分析,为开展乳腺癌干预措施和确定乳腺癌研究方向提供依据.方法 利用济南市肿瘤监测系统提供的2012-2015年女性乳腺癌发病、死亡资料以及相应的人口资料,计算城区与农村地区年粗发病率/死亡率、世标率、年度变化率、发病年龄、绝经前/后患者比例、年龄别发病率/死亡率和城区与农村地区乳腺癌发病率、死亡率之比,采用Excel 2007、SPSS 16.0软件进行统计学分析.结果 2012年济南市城区和农村地区女性乳腺癌发病年龄分别为(54.40±12.40)和(52.02±12.48)岁,2015年分别为(55.34±12.14)和(53.15±12.10)岁,与2012年相比2015年城区和农村地区平均发病年龄分别增加了0.94和1.13岁;＜50岁年龄组乳腺癌患者的比例城区由2012年的38.20％降至2015年的33％,农村地区由2012年的47.10％降至2015年的43.65％.2012-2015年济南市城区女性乳腺癌年均发病率为52.77/10万,年均死亡率为9.76/10万,农村地区年均发病率为44.77/10万,年均死亡率为10.78/10万.2012-2015年济南市城、乡地区女性乳腺癌患者发病率比值30～＜55岁年龄组在0.97～1.08,25～＜30岁年龄组以及≥55岁年龄组在1.20～1.55,合计比值为1.24.2012-2015年济南市城乡地区女性乳腺癌发病率高峰分别在55～＜60岁(121.21/10万)和50～＜55岁(94.73/10万),≥60岁随着年龄增长发病率逐渐下降.死亡率高峰城乡地区分别在65～＜70岁(22.34/10万)和50～＜55岁(25.04/10万),济南市城区≥60岁随着年龄增长死亡率未见明显下降,而农村地区≥60岁随着年龄增长死亡率有所下降.结论 济南市女性乳腺癌年均发病率城区高于农村地区,而死亡率农村地区高于城区;发病、死亡高峰年龄城区均晚于农村地区.应采取相应的提早干预措施对肿瘤早发现、早治疗以改善预后.

Situation of the morbidity and mortality of female breast cancer in urban and rural areas in Jinan, 2012-2015

OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor threatening female's health.In order to understand the incidence and mortality situation of female breast cancer,we analyzed the incidence and mortality of female breast cancer in urban and rural areas of Jinan from 2012 to 2015.METHODS The incidence and mortality data of female breast cancer and demographic data from 2012 to 2015 were extracted from Jinan Cancer Surveillance System.The annual crude incidence and mortality rates,the standard rates adjusted by world population,the annual percentage of changing (APC),incidence age,before/after menopaise patients ratio,age-specific incidence and mortality rates and the incidence and mortality rate ratios of breast cancer in urban and rural areas were calculated.SPSS 16.0,Excel 2007 softwares were applied to make statistical analysis.RESULTS The average age of female breast cancer patients in urban and rural of Jinan in 2012 was (54.40±12.40) years and (52.02±12.48) years respectively,while it changed to (55.34±12.14) years and (53.15± 12.10) years in 2015.Compared with 2012,the average incidence age of female breast cancer in 2015 in urban and rural areas increased 0.94 and 1.13 years old respectively.The proportion of the patients under 50 years old in urban areas declined from 38.20％ in 2012 to 33.00％ in 2015,and the proportion of the patients under 50 years in ru ral areas also declined from 47.10 ％ in 2012 to 43.65 ％ in 2015.During 2012 to 2015,the average incidence and mortality rate of female breast cancer in urban areas of Jinan were 52.77/105 and 9.76/105 separately.While in rural areas,those rates were 44.77/105 and 10.78/105 separately.During 2012 and 2015,the female breast cancer incidence rate ratios of urban to rural areas were between 0.97 and 1.08 for 30-55 years old group,while for 25-29 years old group and for ≥55 years old group,the rate ratio was between 1.20 and 1.55.The total female breast cancer incidence rate ratio of ur ban to rural areas was 1.24.During 2012 and 2015,the peak age group of the female breast cancer incidence in urban and rural areas were in 55-60 years old group (121.21/105) and in 50 55 years old group (94.73/105).As age increasing,the incidence declined in females aged over 60 years old.The peak age group of the mortality was in 65-70 years old groups (22.34/105) in urban areas and in 50-55 years old group (25.04/105) in rural areas.The mortality was not observed declined significantly with age for over 60 years old in urban areas.In rural areas the mortality declined with age increasing in females aged over 60 years old.CONCLUSIONS The average incidence rate in urban areas is higher than that of rural areas,while the average mortality rate in rural areas is higher than in urban areas.The peak age group of incidence and mortality in urban areas are later than those in rural areas.We should take early intervention measures to de tect early and treat early,so that we can improve the prognosis.