2014年广西肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析

目的 分析广西肿瘤登记地区2014年恶性肿瘤登记资料，评估广西恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况。 方法 按照全国肿瘤登记中心制定的审核方法和评价标准，选取广西9个肿瘤登记地区上报的发病、死亡和人口数据进行汇总分析，按地区（城乡）、性别、年龄别、肿瘤别分层分析广西恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况。人口标准化率计算以全国2000年人口普查的人口结构和Segi's世界人口结构为标准。 结果 2014年纳入分析的9个肿瘤登记地区（其中地级以上城市3个，县及县级市6个）。覆盖人口6 934 753人，其中城市人口2 251 773人，农村人口4 682 980人；恶性肿瘤新发病例16 213例，死亡9 909例；病理学诊断比例（MV%）为56.92%，只有死亡医学证明书比例（DCO%）为0.68%，死亡发病比（M/I）为0.61。恶性肿瘤发病率为233.79 /10 万（其中男性262.21/10万，女性202.81/10 万），中标发病率为192.11/10 万，世标发病率为187.06/10 万，累积发病率（0~ 74 岁）为21.29%。城市地区发病率为264.86/10 万，中标发病率为205.88/10 万；农村地区发病率为218.86/10 万，中标发病率为186.65/10 万。恶性肿瘤死亡率为142.89/10 万（其中男性185.30/10万，女性96.66/10 万），中标死亡率为112.92/10 万，世标死亡率为111.66/10 万，累积死亡率（0~74 岁）为12.71%；城市地区死亡率为147.84/10 万，中标死亡率为112.51/10 万；农村地区死亡率为140.51/10 万，中标死亡率为114.41/10 万。发病前10位恶性肿瘤依次为肺癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌、子宫肿瘤、食管癌和卵巢癌，占全部新发病例的77.54%。死亡前10位恶性肿瘤依次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、食管癌、鼻咽癌、宫颈癌、白血病和脑瘤，占全部恶性肿瘤死亡报告病例的82.53%。 结论 广西肿瘤登记地区常见的发病与死亡恶性肿瘤是肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、胃癌，肝癌和鼻咽癌是广西恶性肿瘤防治的重点癌种，女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤亦应加以关注并采取相关防治措施。

Cancer incidence and mortality in cancer registries in Guangxi，2014

Objective To analyze malignant tumor registration data in cancer registry areas in order to estimate cancer incidence and mortality in Guangxi in 2014. Methods Data from 9 registries were analyzed using methods and data quality control criteria of NCCR. Data were stratified by area（urban/rural），gender，age group and cancer site. Age-standardized incidence/mortality rates were calculated using the Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi's population. Results Altogether，the 9 cancer registries（3 urban，6 rural） covered a total of 6，934，753 people（2，251，773 in urban areas，4，682，980 in rural areas）. New cancer cases and cancer deaths were estimated to be，respectively，16，213 and 9，909. Morphology-verified cases （MV%） accounted for 56.92%，and 0.68% of incident cases were identified through death certifications only（DCO%）；the mortality to incidence ratio（M/I ratio） was 0.61. Crude incidence in Guangxi was 233.79/10⁵（males，262.21/10⁵；females，202.81/10⁵），age-standardized incidence based on Chinese standard population（ASR China）was 192.11/10⁵，and age-standardized incidence based on world standard population（ASR world） was 187.06/10⁵. Cumulative incidence（0~74 age years old） was 21.29%. Cancer incidence and ASR China were 264.86/10⁵ and 205.88/10⁵ in urban areas；the corresponding values in rural areas were 218.86/10⁵ and 186.65/10⁵. Crude mortality in Guangxi was 142.89/10⁵ （males，185.30/10⁵；females，96.66/10⁵），age-standardized mortality by Chinese standard population（ASR China） was 112.92/10⁵ and age-standardized mortality by world standard population （ASR world） was 111.66/10⁵. Cumulative mortality （0~74 age years old） was 12.71%. Cancer mortality and ASR China were 147.84/10⁵ and 112.51/10⁵ in urban areas；the corresponding values in rural areas were 140.51/10⁵ and 114.41/10⁵. The top 10 most frequent cancers were lung，liver，breast，colorectum，Cervix，stomach，nasopharynx，uterus，esophagus and ovary；together，these cancers accounted for 77.54% of all new cancer cases. The most frequent causes of cancer-related death were cancers of lung，liver，colorectum，stomach，breast，esophagus，nasopharynx，cervix uteri，leukemia and brain tumor；these accounted for about 82.53% of all cancer deaths. Conclusions Cancers of lung，liver，colorectum，breast，stomach are the common malignant tumors of incidence and mortality in Guangxi cancer registry areas. Cancers of liver and nasopharynx are the key targets of cancer prevention and control efforts in Guangxi. In addition，we should pay attention to female reproductive system malignant tumors and take relevant prevention and treatment measures.