乳腺癌临床研究新进展

新的理论、技术和药物的研究促进着乳腺癌的临床研究的发展。经典的乳腺癌早期发现的方法是自我检查法、临床体检和钼靶摄片三者相结合，乳管内视镜和乳腺导管灌洗液细胞学检查可作为有效的补充；前哨淋巴结活检技术可能使腑淋巴结阴性患者免除腑淋巴结清扫而不影响治疗效果；新的药物和方案可提高术前新辅助化疗的完全缓解率，以利于进一步手术；保乳手术已成为早期乳腺癌的外科治疗有效手段之一，但开展这项工作时除患者的临床病理因素外还应考虑到患者的社会、经济等因素。不难发现目前乳腺癌临床研究的趋势表现为在重视早期发现和全身治疗的同时缩小手术范围。

Advances in breast cancer clinical research

New theory, technology and drugs have stinulated clinical research of breast cancer. The typical method for early detection of breast cancer consisted of self examination, clinical breast examination by a health professional and mammography, both fiberoptic ductoscopy and ductal lavage cytology could be effective supplements. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a potential means of avoiding axillary dissection in women with clinically negative axillary patients without influencing the survival. New drugs and regimes had improved complete response in neoadjuvant setting so as to further treatment. Breast conserving therapy with local excision and radiation is well established as an option in the treatment of localized breast cancer, but social and economic factors of the patients should be considered aside from pathological and clinical factors. It is evident that emphasis on early detection, systemic treatment as well as more limited surgery are the trend of breast cancer treatment today.