数字乳腺X线摄影应用研究进展

乳腺断层摄影是通过多点投照获得多个层面的重建图像，这种技术能够提高病灶的检出率和诊断的准确性，降低筛查回叫率。在乳腺疾病的诊断与乳腺癌的筛查中均起着重要作用。双能量乳腺增强摄影检查时需给患者注入碘造影剂，并通过高低能量两次曝光获得标准能量图和高低能量减影图，后者能显示有异常的强化区域。这种技术仅用于诊断性检查，跟常规的乳腺X线检查或常规X线检查加超声组合相比，其检出乳腺癌的敏感性更高；与增强乳腺MRI相比，对主病灶判断的特异性较高，敏感性则相当。

Advanced applications of digital mammography imaging

Digital breast tomosynthesis is a 3D radiographic technique that obtains information from a few projection images, these images are the reconstructed into a set of images. Breast tomosynthesis could be used in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. This technique reduced the call-back rate in breast cancer screening, and increased the sensitivity and accuracy in detection of the lesion. Contrast-enhanced dual-energy digital mammography processes low-energy image and subtraction image from high and low energy images, iodine enhancement was performed, which could better depict the enhanced tumor. This technique was only used to diagnosis, it could improve the sensitivity of breast cancer detection compared to the conventional mammography and combined the mammography and ultrasound. Contrast-enhanced dual-energy digital mammography had a higher specificity for detecting index cancer than did enhanced MR imaging, and sensitivity was equal.