启东市1972~2011年结直肠癌发病趋势分析

目的]探讨启东市1972-2011年结直肠癌发病变化趋势,为制定结直肠癌预防控制措施与策略提供依据。方法]采用启东市1972-2011年癌症发病登记数据库,对结直肠癌发病率作性别、年龄、时间趋势分析,计算指标包括粗发病率、中国人口标化率（中标率）、世界人口标化率（世标率）、35-64岁截缩率、0-74岁累积率、累积风险率、变化百分比（PC）及年均变化百分比（APC）等。结果]1972-2011年启东结直肠癌发病6035例（男性2926例,女性3109例）,粗发率为13.43/10万,占全部癌症发病的6.50%,位居癌症发病第4位。中标率和世标率分别为6.20/10万和9.80/10万;35-64岁截缩发病率为14.36/10万;0-74岁累积发病率为1.16%;结直肠癌发病的累积风险为1.15%。40年间结直肠癌发病的粗率、中标率和世标率的变化百分比（PC）分别为373.63%、67.42%与88.38%,年均变化百分比（APC）分别为4.21%、1.38%、1.58%。各时期结直肠癌发病率显示55岁以上各年龄组发病率有显著的上升趋势。年龄—出生队列方法分析显示,45岁以后的各年龄组出生队列发病率有明显的上升趋势。40年中结肠癌、直肠癌的粗率分别为3.93/10万、9.49/10万,中标率分别为1.81/10万、4.39/10万,世标率分别为2.87/10万、6.94/10万。40年中直肠癌在结直肠癌的占比为70.72%,近期直肠癌的占比有所下降。结论]启东40年来结直肠癌发病率有明显上升趋势,应加强结直肠癌的防控。

An Analysis of Incidence Trend of Colorectal Cancer in Qidong, 1972-2011

Purpose] To investigate the incidence trend of colorectal cancer from 1972 to 2011 in Qidong,and to provide basis for making control measures and strategies for prevention. Methods] The cancer registration data of 1972-2011 were collected and analyzed for the incidence of colorectal cancer by gender,age,and time trend. Crude incidence,age-standardized incidence by Chinese standard popalation（ASR China） and by world standard population（ASR world）, truncated rate （35-64 age years old）,cumulative rate （0-74 age years old）,cumulative risk ,percentage change（PC）,annual percentage change （APC）,incidence by period and birth-cohort were calculated. Results] The new colorectal cancer cases were 6035 （male 2926,female 3109）, accounted for 6.50% of the total cancer incidence, ranked 4th. The crude incidence, ASR China and ASR world were 13.43/10s, 6.20/105 and 9.80/10S,respectively. Truncated rate （35-64 age years old） , cumulative rate（0-74 age years old） and cumulative risk were 14.36/105,1.16% and 1.15%,respectively.During the forty years period,the PCs of crude incidence,ASR China and ASR world were ＋373.63%, ＋67.42% and ＋88.38% ,and the APCs,4.21%, 1.38% and 1.58% ,respectively. Age-specific incidence by period of colorectal cancer remarkably increased with age in people aged over 55 years, and birth-cohort incidence rates showed up trends over 45 years. For the rectum cancer,the crude incidence,ASR China and ASR world were 3.93/10^5,1.81/10^5,and 2.87/10^5;and for the colon cancer,9.49/10^5 ,4.39/10^5,and 6.94/10^5,respeetively. The proportion of rectum cancer among colon and rectum cancers was 70.72%, and it is reduced in recent periods. Conclusion] The incidence of coloreetal cancer remarkably increased in Qidong during 1972-2011. More attention should be paid to the incidence trend of coloreetal cancer.