2003~2007年中国癌症发病分析

目的]评价2003~2007年全国肿瘤登记中心肿瘤发病特点和变化。方法]利用2003~2007年全国32个肿瘤登记处癌症合计的发病数据,2003~2007年32个登记处覆盖人口255430909人年,城市地区占全部覆盖人口的77.38%,农村地区占22.62%。病理诊断比例为65.48%,只有死亡证明书比例为1.79%,死亡/发病比为0.65。分析地区别、性别、年龄别和部位别癌症的发病特点,5年间发病率变化情况以及与同时期其它国家和地区癌症发病的比较。结果]2003~2007年肿瘤登记地区癌症发病率为265.93/10万(其中男性293.99/10万,女性237.19/10万;城市地区为270.84/10万,农村地区为249.13/10万),中国人口标化发病率144.25/10万,世界人口标化发病率187.66/10万,0~74岁累积发病率为21.70%。2003~2007年癌症发病率逐年升高。前10位常见肿瘤是肺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、女性乳腺癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、膀胱癌、脑瘤和淋巴瘤,占全部恶性肿瘤发病总数的76.55%。我国癌症发病率在全球184个国家中处于中等偏高水平。结论]癌症目前是威胁我国居民健康的重大疾病之一,发病率呈逐年上升趋势,其中肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌和女性乳腺癌负担明显,下一步应加强对主要癌症的预防和控制。

An Analysis of Cancer Incidence in China,2003～2007

Purpose] To investigate characteristics and trend of cancer incidence from 2003 to 2007 in cancer registration areas in China.Methods] The incidence data from 32 cancer registries in China from 2003 to 2007 were accepted in this analysis,the data covered population was 255 430 909 person-year with 77.38% in urban and 22.62% in rural. Pathology verified cases counted for 65.48%,and 1.79% of cases were identified by death certification only. The mortality to incidence ratio was 0.65. Specified incidences by region,sex,age,cancer type and comparison of cancer incidences between China and other countries in the same period were analyzed.Results] The cancer crude incidence rate was 265.93/105 (293.99/105 in male and 237.19/105 in female; 270.84/105 in urban and 249.13/105 in rural), age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese population(1982) and by world Segi’s population were 144.25/105 and 187.66/105 respectively. The cumulative incidence rate (0~74 age years old) was 21.70%. In 2003~2007,cancer incidence had been increasing. Cancers of lung,stomach,colorectal,liver,breast,esophagus,pancreas,bladder,brain and lymphoma were the top 10 of most common cancer sites, accounted for 76.55% of total cancer cases. The level of cancer incidence in China was in the upper middle level compared with 184 countries and regions in the world.Conclusions] Cancer is one of major diseases threatening people’s health and the incidence is increasing in China. Cancers of lung,liver,stomach,colorectal,esophagus,and female breast cancer are the most common cancers. Prevention and control should be enhanced,especially for the common cancers.