2015年陕西省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤流行状况分析

目的]分析了解陕西省2015年肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤的发病、死亡情况。方法]收集陕西省14个肿瘤登记地区的恶性肿瘤发病、死亡信息,并用SPSS25.0分析计算城乡、性别、年龄别发病(死亡)率、标化发病(死亡)率、累积发病(死亡)率(0~74岁)。标准人口采用2000年全国普查人口年龄构成和Segi’s世界人口年龄构成。结果]2015年陕西省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率为214.39/10万,中标率为152.44/10万,世标率为151.53/10万,城市地区肿瘤发病率高于农村地区,男性肿瘤发病率高于女性,40岁前恶性肿瘤发病率处于较低水平,40岁后快速升高,80岁达到发病率最高水平,到85岁组发病率略微下降,2015年陕西省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病第1位的是肺癌,其次为乳腺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌。全省肿瘤登记地区2015年恶性肿瘤死亡率为136.13/10万,中标率为94.00/10万,世标率为94.15/10万。全省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤死亡率在45岁以前处于较低水平,45岁之后逐渐上升,到85岁年龄组达到死亡率峰值,全省恶性肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤死亡第1位的是肺癌,其次为肝癌、胃癌、食管癌。结论]陕西省恶性肿瘤以肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌为主要癌种。与全国平均水平比,乳腺癌和上消化道肿瘤负担较重,应作为陕西省肿瘤预防重点。

Incidence and Mortality of Cancer in Shaanxi Cancer Registries,2015

Purpose]To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality in Shaanxi cancer registries in 2015. Methods]The data of new cancer cases and deaths were collected from 14 cancer registries of Shaanxi province. The cancer incidence,mortality,age-standardized rate,age-specific rate,the cumulative rate of 0 ~74 years old were calculated by SPSS 25.0. Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi’s population were used for calculating age-standardized rate. Results] The cancer incidence in Shaanxi cancer registries was 214.39/105. The age-standardized incidence by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 152.44/105 and 151.53/105,respectively. The cancer incidence in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The cancer incidence was at a low level before age of 40 years old,increased rapidly after age of 40 years old,reached the highest level at 80 years old,and decreased slightly in 85 years old group. The most common cancers were lung cancer,breast cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer and esophageal cancer. The cancer mortality in Shaanxi cancer registries in 2015 was 136.13/105. The age-standardized mortality by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 94.00/105 and 94.15/105,respectively. The cancer mortality was at a low level before the age of 45,and gradually rises after the age of 45,reaching a peak in the age group of 85. The most common causes of cancer death were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. Conclusion]Lung cancer,breast cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer and esophageal cancer are the main types of malignant tumors in Shaanxi province. Compared with the national average level,the burden of breast cancer and upper gastrointestinal cancer is heavier,which should be the focus of cancer prevention in Shaanxi province.