镜下缝线锚钉修复肩关节上盂唇前后向合并前后延伸损伤的疗效分析

目的 探讨镜下缝线锚钉修复肩关节上盂唇前后向(SLAP)合并前后延伸损伤的疗效.方法 对2007年3月至2009年4月肩关节镜下缝线锚钉修复的12例盂唇SLAP合并前后延伸损伤患者的资料进行回顾性分析,男7例,女5例；年龄18～40岁,平均28.7岁；均为复合多向不稳定.镜下缝线锚钉治疗肩关节盂唇SLAP Ⅴ型损伤(Bankart损伤+SLAPⅡ型损伤)7例、SLAPⅧ型损伤(SLAPⅡ型损伤合并后下方盂唇撕裂)3例及SLAPⅢ型合并前后盂唇撕裂脱位2例.术前及术后随访均采用美国肩肘外科协会(ASES)评分、视觉模拟评分(VAS)及Constant-Murley评分评定疗效.结果 所有患者术后获11～22个月(平均17个月)随访.术前及末次随访时肩关节平均前屈上举分别为163.4°±8.6°和169.7°±4 2°；外展90°外旋为58.5°±13.6°和90.3°±5.5°；术后外展90°,患侧外旋角度较健侧受限8.4°±6 2°.术前及末次随访ASES评分分别为(77.4±3.7)分和(94.3±2.6)分,VAS评分分别为(7.2±1.4)分和(1.2±0.6)分,Constant-Murley评分分别为(78.1±4.6)分和(93.9±3.7)分,以上指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后未发生再脱位,均重返伤前工作岗位.结论 严重SLAP合并前后延伸损伤诊断困难,镜下能明确损伤类型,及时治疗,创伤小,并发症少,功能恢复快.

Arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction of severe superior labrum anterior posterior lesions plus anterior or/and posterior extensive tear

Objective To investigate the efficacy of arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction of severe superior labrum anterior posterior (SLAP) lesions plus anterior or/and posterior extensive tear.Methods From March 2007 to April 2009,12 patients (12 shoulders) were diagnosed with SLAP lesions plus anterior or/and posterior extensive tear by physical examination,magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy.They were 7 men and 5 women,aged from 18 to 40 years (average,28.7 years).Seven cases of SLAP lesion were of Type V (a superior labral tear plus an anterior-inferior labral tear,or Bankart lesion),3 cases were of Type Ⅷ (an avulsion of the biceps anchor plus extensive labral tear posteriorly along the glenoid),and 2 cases were a new type (a bucket-handle tear of superior labrum plus extensive labral tear posteriorly along the glenoid with a normal biceps tendon and an intact biceps anchor while the avulsed labrum dislocated to the glenoid neck).All were treated with an arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction.Shoulders were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES)scoring system,visual analog scale (VAS) and Constant-Murley scoring system for stability,strength,function,and range of motion.Results All the patients were followed up for an average of 17 months (from 11 to 22 months ).Their mean ASES score improved from 77.4 ± 3.7 to 94.3 ± 2.6 ( P ＜ 0.05).Their mean VAS score improved from 7.2 ± 1.4 to 1.2 ± 0.6 ( P ＜ 0.05).Their mean Constant-Murley score improved from 78.1 ±4.6 to 93.9 ± 3.7 ( P ＜ 0.05).There were significant improvements in ranges of motion ( P ＜0.05).No shoulder required revision surgery for recurrent instability.All patients were able to return to sports.Conclusion Since it is difficult to diagnose severe SLAP lesions plus anterior or/and posterior extensive tear,arthroscopy can offer accurate diagnosis to facilitate timely and minimally invasive reconstruction of the lesions,usually with a fine outcome.