股骨近端骨折治疗失败的原因分析及挽救性全髋关节置换

目的分析股骨近端骨折治疗失败的原因,探讨补救性全髋关节置换术(THR)的疗效。方法2002年2月～2005年4月,对23例股骨近端骨折治疗失败的患者(股骨颈骨折17例,股骨转子部骨折5例,股骨头骨折1例)进行回顾性研究,分析其前期治疗失败的原因,总结此23例患者进行补救性THR后的疗效。结果股骨近端骨折治疗失败的主要原因是骨折后复位不良、内固定方式选择不当或技术错误。21例患者获平均32个月(8～46个月)随访。无感染、脱位及假体周围骨折等并发症发生。21例患者髋关节功能均有改善,Harris评分由术前平均48．3分提高到术后87．6分。结论骨折复位、内固定方式或固定技术对股骨近端骨折的治疗非常重要。老年患者的骨质疏松和年轻患者的高能量损伤也增加股骨近端骨折治疗的难度。对于股骨近端骨折治疗失败的患者,进行补救性的THR重建髋关节功能临床疗效满意。

Salvage of failed treatment of proximal femoral fractures with total hip replacement

Objective To analyze the causes for failed treatments of proximal femoral fractures and to evaluate the curative results of total hip replacement(THR)to salvage the failures.Methods A retrospective study was conducted for 23 consecutive cases of THR to salvage failed treatments of proximal femoral fractures from February 2002 to April 2005.There were 17 cases of femoral neck fracture,five cases of intertrochanteric frac- ture,and one case of femoral head fracture.Results Inadequate reduction after inadequate fixation,incorrect materials or technical errors in internal fixation were the most significant reasons for the failure of early treatment. Twenty-one of the 23 patients were available for fullow-up that ranged from 8 to 46 months(mean,32 months). No such complications as wound infection,hip dislocation,prosthesis breakage or deep venous thrombosis were found.Their mean Harris score increased from 48.3 preoperatively to 87.6 postoperatively.Condusions Re- duction,internal fixation,and fixation technique are very important to treatments of proximal femoral fractures. High energy trauma in young patients and osteoporosis in old patients make treatment of proximal femoral fractures even more difficult.THR is a satisfactory and safe way to salvage a failed treatment of proximal femoral fracture.