北京地区3859名体检人群骨密度调查及骨量异常患病率分析

目的调查北京地区健康体检人群骨密度的情况以及骨量减少和骨质疏松的患病率,为骨质疏松症的防治提供参考。方法选择2017年1月至2018年12月在中日友好医院健康体检中心进行健康体检的人群,排除继发性骨质疏松症及其他影响骨代谢的因素,共3859名。其中男性2067名,女性1792名。年龄20~83岁,平均年龄(51.29±11.18)岁,按性别及年龄每10年一组。采用美国GE公司的LUNAR Prodigy双能X线骨密度仪测量受试者腰椎1~4正位及股骨颈和全髋的骨密度。分析各组不同部位骨密度情况及骨量异常(包括骨量减少和骨质疏松)的患病率。采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果①男性腰椎1~4骨密度峰值在20~29岁,股骨颈和全髋骨密度峰值在30~39岁。女性各部位骨密度峰值均在30~39岁。②随年龄增长,男性和女性骨量异常患病率均呈上升趋势,50岁以上女性骨量异常患病率显著上升,明显高于同年龄组男性。③30~59岁男性和女性腰椎骨量异常患病率均明显高于髋部;70岁以上男性和60岁以上女性髋部骨量异常患病率明显高于腰椎。结论中老年人群尤其是绝经后女性是骨质疏松症的高危人群;老年人群的骨质疏松筛查可以考虑选择髋部骨密度为主。

Investigation of bone mineral density and prevalence of bone mass abnormality in 3859 healthy subjects in Beijing

Objective To investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence of bone loss and osteoporosis among healthy people in Beijing, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods From January 2017 to December 2018, a total of 3859 patients were selected from the health examination center of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, excluding secondary osteoporosis and other factors affecting bone metabolism. There were 2067 males and 1792 females. The patients were aged from 20 to 83 years old, and the average age was 51.29±11.18 years. GE''s LUNAR Prodigy dual-energy X-ray bone density instrument was used to measure the BMD of the lumbar spine 1-4, femoral neck, and total hip of the subjects. BMD and prevalence of abnormal bone mass (including decreased bone mass and osteoporosis) was analyzed. IBM SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for analysis, and P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results 1) The peak BMD in the lumbar spine 1-4 appeared in 20-29 years old, and in the femoral neck and total hip appeared in 30-39 years old in males. The peak BMD of each site in females appeared between 30 and 39 years old. 2) With the increase of age, the prevalence of bone mass abnormality in both males and females showed an increasing trend. The prevalence of bone mass abnormality in females over 50 years old increased significantly, and it was significantly higher than that in males of the same age group. 3) The prevalence of lumbar bone mass abnormality was significantly higher than that of the hip in both males and females in 30-59 years old. The prevalence of abnormal hip bone mass was significantly higher than that of the lumbar spine in men over 70 years old and in women over 60 years old. Conclusion Middle-aged and elderly people, especially postmenopausal women, are at high risk of osteoporosis. BMD of the hip should be considered for osteoporosis screening in elderly population.