发达国家医学生器官捐献意愿研究现状的范围综述

目的了解发达国家医学生器官捐献意愿研究的目的、结果、障碍因素和解决对策。 方法以主题词和自由词联合的方式对PubMed、Web of Science、Ovid MEDLINE、Ovid EMBASE(Excerpta Medica)、EBSCOhost Complete和Cochrane Library等已发表文献数据库，以及灰色文献数据库York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination、Open Grey、ProQuest Dissertation and Theses和Mednar进行系统、全面地检索，并采用Arksey和O′Malley提出的范围综述框架进行文献资料整合。 结果共纳入17项发达国家医学生器官捐献意愿研究。研究背景主要为医学生未来对于公众器官捐献有着重要影响。研究结果表明，大多数医学生器官捐献意愿性良好，但不同亚组的研究结果不一；其最主要的障碍因素为医学生器官捐献相关知识的缺乏；解决对策主要为施予系统化、结构化和可评价的教育课程。 结论21世纪以来发达国家医学生器官捐献意愿研究方兴未艾，其研究的多层面、多角度以及揭示的问题、寻求的解决对策，可对我国现阶段医学生器官捐献的研究提供一定参考。

A scoping review on the willingness of medical students to organ donation in developed countries

ObjectiveTo understand the research aims, research results, obstacle factors and solutions of medical students′ willingness to organ donation in developed countries. MethodsThe literatures were reviewed systematically in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid - EMBASE: Excerpta Medica, EBSCOhost Complete and Cochrane Library. In order to ensure the comprehensibility of the reviewed literatures, there was an additional search of grey literatures in the following databases: York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, Open Grey, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses, Mednar. The search strategy was developed based on keywords and subject heading words so that the searching process could be systematic and comprehensive. Arksey and O′Malley′s framework was used to integrate the literature in this scoping review. ResultsA total of 17 records were included. Three major themes were emerged from the review. Firstly, the background of the research on the willingness of medical students to organ donation in developed countries was mainly based on the fact that medical students had an important impact on public organ donation in the future. Secondly, the results showed that most of the medical students had positive willingness to organ donation and different subgroups may have different results. Thirdly, the main obstacle of medical students to organ donation was the lack of the relevant knowledge while the solution was the systematic, structured and valuable educational courses. ConclusionsThe willingness of medical students to organ donation in developed countries has been in the ascendant since the 21st century. Some problems could be revealed through different research methods, from which we could also find the development direction in the future. So we could benefit from this kind of scoping reviews.