肾移植术后早期严重肺部感染患者外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的临床意义

目的 探讨肾移植术后早期严重肺部感染患者外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的临床意义.方法 采用流式细胞术检测2007年2月至2008年6月期间,肾移植术后早期发生严重肺部感染的28例患者(感染组)外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的变化,并随机选取同期肾移植术后病情稳定的30例患者(对照组)作为对照.结果 肾移植术后早期,感染组患者入院第1天CD4+T淋巴细胞计数显著低于对照组,分别为(184.1±117.5)个/μl和(518.6±232.7)个/μl(P<0.01).感染组患者中有5例治疗无效死亡,其中4例CD4+T淋巴细胞计数呈持续降低趋势;感染组中存活的患者在治疗恢复后,CD4+T淋巴细胞计数明显上升至(406.5±163.9)个/μl,与治疗前比较,P<0.01.受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析表明,CD4+T淋巴细胞计数减少能作为判断发生肺部感染的有效指标,其曲线下面积(AUC)为94.9%(P<0.01),CD4+T淋巴细胞计数为220个/μL时,其特异度为100%.结论 外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞的变化与肾移植术后早期严重肺部感染的转归密切相关.CD4+T淋巴细胞计数低于220个/μl的患者发生感染的可能性极大;测定外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞计数并动态分析对于优化治疗和判断预后有重要的参考价值.

Clinical implication of peripheral CD4+T cell counts in patients with severe pulmonary infection in the early stage after kidney transplantation

Objective To explore the clinical implication of peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell counts in renal allograft recipients with severe pulmonary infection in the early stage after kidney transplantation. Methods From February 2007 to June 2008, we investigated the variation of peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell counts using flow cytometry in 28 cases of severe pulmonary infection 1 ～6 months after kidney transplantation (infection group), and 30 cases (control group) randomly selected that had stable situation and normal kidney function in the same period. Results CD4+ T-cell counts on the day of admission in infection group were significantly lower than in control group (184.1 ±117.5/μl vs. 518.6±232.7/μl, P<0.01 ). In infection group, 5 patients died and 4 of them had obviously declining trends of CD4+ T-cell counts during hospitalization course. Comparing to the day of admission, CD4+ T-cell counts of those survivors in infection group were significantly increased (184.1±117.5/μl vs. 406.5±163.9/μl, P<0.01) when infections were controlled. ROC analysis showed that CD4+ T-cell counts on the day of admission were accurate enough to identify who were susceptible to infection. In detail, the area under the curve (AUC) was 94.9% (P<0.01). CD4+ T-cell counts of 220/μl displayed the minimal misdiagnosis rate. Conclusions The variations of CD4+ T-cell counts are correlated to onset and progression of severe pulmonary infection in the early stage after kidney transplantation. Those who had CD4+ T-cell counts lower than 220/μl were at high risk of pulmonary infection. Direct measure and dynamic analysis of CD4+ T-cell subset have an important role in optimizing treatment and predicting prognosis of severe pulmonary infection in the early stage after kidney transplantation.