牙周病常用实验动物牙体解剖、牙周组织学研究与评价

目的:为口腔牙周病研究中实验动物的选择、实验部位的确定及实验方法的应用提供解剖、组织学依据。方法:选择3种常用实验动物豚鼠、犬、猴的牙体、牙周组织,进行大体、X线及组织学观察。结果:豚鼠口裂小,实验一般仅限于切牙区,但该区的龈沟上皮有角化,对炎症反应可能产生影响;犬的牙间间隙宽,适合作人工牙周骨下袋模型,牙虽不患龋,但根管粗,可用于髓病、根尖周病研究;猴是理想的实验动物,但价格昂贵,使大规模实验受到限制。结论:豚鼠、犬、猴的牙、牙龈、牙槽嵴形态及组织学表现均与人有相似性,但各有特点,在科研工作中应根据具体需要和财力选择实验动物、实验部位和实验方法。

Study on odontal & periodontal tissue of guinea pigs,dogs and monkeys

PURPOSE:To evaluate the different application of different experimental animals in studies of periodontal diseases. METHODS: The odontal and the periodontal tissues of guinea pigs, dogs and monkeys were studied by gross specimen, X ray and histological observation. RESULTS: The most suitable sites of guinea pigs for periodontal study is incisor just because of their small oral fissure, but the keratinized epithelium of gingival sulcus may affect their inflammatory reaction. As the occurring of spaces from the 3rd to 5th tooth of dogs, artificial intrabony pocket can be made, and their thick root canals are suitable for pulp and periapical study. The monkeys are the ideal experimental animals due to their similarities to human, but it is too expensive to be widely used. CONCLUSION: Each kind of animal has their own characteristics. The key is to select experimental animal according to the objective of our different studies.