Variations of the attachment of the superior head of human lateral pterygoid muscle |
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| Authors: | Maria Antonopoulou Ioannis Iatrou Alexandros Paraschos Sophia Anagnostopoulou |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, Greece;1. Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile;2. Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile;3. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile;4. Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santiago, Chile;5. Orthopedic Surgery and Orthodontics, Private Practice, Valparaiso, Chile;1. Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria;2. Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria;3. Department of Radiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria;1. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Patho-biological Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan;3. Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan;4. Dental Radiology, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan;5. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan;1. Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hebrew University, Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel;2. Practitioner, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Hebrew University, Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel;3. Professor, Department of Community Dentistry, Hebrew University, Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel;4. Faculty, Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation and Maxillofacial Imaging, Hebrew University, Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem; Head, Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Institute, Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Israel |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionThe superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM), is closely related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and plays a role in the aetiology of temporomandibular disorders. Increased activity of this muscle has been implicated in the anterior displacement of the TMJ disc. However, there is uncertainty about the manner of the LPM attachment to the disc–condyle complex.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the exact anatomy of the attachment of the superior head of the LPM (SLPM) to the disc–condyle complex of the TMJ.Material and methodsThirty-six TMJs were examined – both sides of 18 Greek cadavers (eight males and 10 females, mean age 79.6 years). Examination of the attachment of the SLPM was undertaken viewed under the dissecting microscope.ResultsVariation in the attachment of the SLPM was categorized into three types: in type I, the SLPM inserted into the condyle and the disc–capsule complex (55.5%). In type II, the SLPM only inserted into the condyle (27.8%). In type III, the SLPM inserted purely into the disc–capsule complex (16.7%).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that there are three different attachment types of the SLPM to the disc–condyle complex. The type III variation could be involved in the TMJ pathology. The knowledge of the variations of the SLPM attachment could be useful for precise surgical and pharmaceutical approaches. |
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