胸腺神经内分泌癌的影像学表现（附5例报告）

目的：提高对胸腺神经内分泌癌（TNC）的影像学表现的认识。资料与方法：回顾分析5例经病理证实的TNC患者的临床影像资料，其中CT检查5例，MR检查2例。结果：5例TNC患者表现为占据前上纵隔为主的，体积较大的实质性肿块，偏侧或双侧性生长，纵隔大血管及邻近结构有明显的包绕、侵犯征象。CT、MR扫描示病灶密度或信号均匀或稍不均匀，坏死区较小，增强一般呈轻、中度强化。2例行MR扫描患者，病灶内可见“星芒”状低信号。5例患者都可见纵隔淋巴结的肿大，4例见单侧或双侧肺内结节，2例伴胸腔积液。结论：TNC影像学上一般表现为前上纵隔体积较大的实质性肿块，坏死区小，具有侵袭性和易转移的特点，结合临床,有助提高诊断符合率。

The imaging characteristics of thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma(report of five cases)

Objective: To enhance the recognition of imaging of thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma(TNC). Materials and Methods: The imaging signs of five cases of TNC verified by pathology were analysed retrospectively, including five cases of CT examination and two cases of MR examination. Results: Large substantial mass can be seen in all five cases, vegetated ipsilaterally or bilaterally, mainly located in the antero-superior mediastinum. The vessel or the structure adjacent to the mass were wrapped and infiltrated. The density or intensity of the mass is homogeneous or non-homogeneous on CT/MR scan with slightly or moderately enhanced after the injection of contrast-enhanced medium. Ratio of necrotic area to the mass is low. Satellite-like hypo-intensity can be seen in two cases on MR imaging. Mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement can be seen in all cases, nodules seen in one side or both sides of lung field in four cases, pleural effusion seen in two cases. Conclusion: Large mass, low necrotic area ratio and infiltration/metastases were more likely to be seen in TNC. Combined with clinics, these imaging features are helpful to the diagnosis of TNC.