儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征脑皮质厚度改变MRI研究

目的:利用皮质厚度分析技术探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征儿童脑皮质厚度异常。方法:收集OSAHS患儿16例,以及与OSAHS组年龄、性别相匹配的正常对照者13例,所有受试者进行头颅的3D T1 MRI扫描,采集数据通过FreeSurfer软件进行分割重建,并计算获得所有受试者各脑区的皮质厚度,以独立样本t检验进行病例组和对照组的全脑皮质厚度比较,得到具有统计学意义的差异脑区,并在标准脑模板上生成伪彩图。结果:OSAHS组多个脑区皮质厚度存在变化,与对照组相比较,OSAHS组皮质变薄发生在双侧中央前回、双侧额上沟、左侧枕下沟回、左侧中央前上沟、右侧额上回、右侧枕颞海马旁中回及右侧岛叶环上沟(P<0.05)。在右侧胼胝体下回、右侧侧副沟及左侧枕颞舌中回皮质中观察到皮质增厚(P<0.05)。结论:本研究发现OSAHS儿童存在皮质厚度的变化,证明存在脑神经损伤,为功能神经影像学研究提供了解剖学基础。

Brain Cortex Thickness Alteration in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome:A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Objective:To investigate the abnormal cortical thickness in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)by cortical thickness analysis.Methods:Sixteen children with OSAHS and 13 normal controls matched with age and sex in OSAHS group were collected.All subjects underwent 3 D T1 MRI scan of the skull,and the collected data were segmtured and reconstructed by FreeSurfer software,and the cortical thickness of each brain region of all subjects was calculated.Independent sample T test was used to compare the total cortical thickness of the case group and the control group,and statistically significant differences were obtained.Pseudo-color maps were generated on the standard brain template.Results:The cortical thickness of several brain regions in the OSAHS group changed significantly compared with the control group,Compared with the control group,cortical thinning in OSAHS group occurred in bilateral anterior central gyrus,bilateral superior frontal sulcus,left suboccipital sulcus,left anterior superior central sulcus,right superior frontal gyrus,right occipito-temporal parahippocampal gyrus and right superior insular sulcus.Cortical thickening was observed in the right corpus callosum inferior gyrus,right lateral accessory sulcus,and left occipitoglossal middle gyrus.Conclusion:In this study,changes in cortical thickness were found in children with OSAHS,which proves the presence of brain nerve injury and provides anatomic basis for functional neuroimaging studies.