ICU患者医院感染目标性监测及其相关危险因素分析

目的探讨降低重症监护室医院感染率的有效措施。方法采用目标性监测方法对2006年1月至2006年12月ICU所有住院患者的医院感染率及相关危险因素进行调查。结果共监测患者311例,发生医院感染82例,医院感染率为26.4%;感染例次93,例次感染率为29.9%;感染部位构成比排序为泌尿道感染占47.3%,下呼吸道感染占32.3%;老年患者、住院时间>14 d、留置导尿管、气管插管/气管切开、意识障碍和多器官功能障碍综合征等是医院感染的重要危险因素。结论ICU患者医院感染危险因素多,需采取综合措施才能有效降低ICU医院感染的发病率。

Prospective Surveillance of Nosocomial Infections and Analysis of Its Risk Factors in ICU Patients

Objective To reduce incidence of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods Using prospective surveillance method,we surveyed the incidence of nosocomial infections and analyzed the risk factors for the infection among all the patients admitted in ICU between January and December,2006.Results A total of 311 patients admitted in ICU were surveyed,among whom 82 acquired nosocomial infection,with an incidence of 26.4%,and total 93 infection episodes were recorded.The infection occurred most frequently in the urinary tract(47.3%) and the lower respiratory tract(32.3%).Elderly patients,ICU stay longer than 14 d,urinary catheter placement,mechanical ventilation,conscious disturbance,and organ failure were identified as the risk factors for the infection.Conclusion Patients admitted in ICU often face a variety of risk factors for nosocomial infections,and comprehensive measures have to be taken to effectively reduce the incidence of the infection.