经尿道电切后化疗药物灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎疗效的系统评价

目的系统评价经尿道电切后化疗药物灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎的有效性和安全性。方法计算机检索MEDLINE、Cochrane图书馆、EMbase、VIP、CNKI和CBM等数据库,查找经尿道电切后吡柔比星或丝裂霉素灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎的随机对照试验(RCT)和病例-对照研究(CCS),检索时限均从2001年1月至2011年12月。由2位研究者按照纳入与排除标准独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用RevMan5.0.1软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入11篇文献(5个RCT和6个病例对照研究),共1 032例腺性膀胱炎患者。试验组为经尿道电切术后加用化疗药物灌注,共535例,按灌注药物不同分为吡柔比星(7个研究,347例)和丝裂霉素(4个研究,188例)两个亚组。对照组为单纯经尿道电切,共497例。①经尿道电切后采用吡柔比星灌注治疗可以提高短期和长期治愈率,减少短期和长期复发率,但在短期和长期好转率方面,两组差异无统计学意义。安全性方面,吡柔比星的尿路刺激征发生率与对照组相当,但血尿发生率更高。②经尿道电切后采用丝裂霉素灌注治疗可以提高长期治愈率,减少长期复发率,但在短期治愈率、好转率、复发率及长期好转率方面,两组差异无统计学意义。安全性方面,丝裂霉素的尿路刺激征发生率和血尿发生率均与对照组相当。敏感性分析结果显示,对部分结局指标,不同类型的研究结果不一致。结论现有有限证据显示,经尿道电切术后采用吡柔比星或丝裂霉素灌注治疗能提高腺性膀胱炎的长期治愈率,减少长期复发率,但使用吡柔比星更容易出现血尿。由于不同类型的研究结果不一致,导致Meta分析结果不稳定,存在与未来研究结果不符的高度可能性,因此目前尚不能肯定经尿道电切后化疗药物灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎是否比单纯电切的疗效更好,尚需开展更多高质量、大样本的随机对照试验加以验证。

Chemotherapeutics Bladder Irrigation after Transurethral Resection for Cystitis Glandularis:A Meta-Analysis

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of chemotherapeutics bladder irrigation (CBI) after transurethral resection (TR) in the treatment of cystitis glandularis (CG). Methods Databases including MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, VIP, CNKI and CBM were searched from January 2001 to November 2011 to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case-control studies (CCSs) on pirarubicin or mitomycin bladder irrigation after TR in the treatment of CG. Two reviewers independently screened articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0. Results A total of 11 articles involving 5 RCTs and 6 CCSs were included. Among the total 1032 patients involved, 497 patients were in the control group treated by TR alone, while the other 535 patients were in the treatment group given CBI after RT. There were two subgroups, one involving 347 patients irrigated by pirarubicin in 7 studies, and the other involving 188 patients irrigated by mitomycin in 4 studies. The results of meta-analysis showed: (a) pirarubicin bladder irrigation after TR could increase both short-term and long-term cure rates and decrease both short-term and long-term relapse rates, but no significant differences were found in both short-term and long-term improvement rates, compared with the control group. As for the safety, pirarubicin was similar to the control group in the incidence of urinary irritation, but it was superior in the incidence of bloody urine; and (b) mitomycin bladder irrigation after TR could increase long-term cure rate and decrease long-term relapse rate, but no significant differences were found in short-term cure rate and short-term improvement rate, compared with the control group. Mitomycin was similar to the control group in incidence of urinary irritation and bloody urine. Sensitivity analyses indicated the outcomes regarding to some indexes in different studies were inconsistent. Conclusion Based on the current evidence, pirarubicin or mitomycin bladder irrigation after TR can increase long-term cure rate and decrease long-term relapse rate in treating CG, but pirarubicin tends to easily cause bloody urine. For the inconsistent outcomes of different studies, the results of this meta-analysis are instable and highly possible to be inconsistent to the future outcomes, hereby it is uncertain of the better effectiveness of CBI after, TR compared with TR alone, and more high-quality and large-scale RCTs are needed to be performed.