老年脑卒中患者PICC并发症特点分析及预防

目的分析外周置入中心静脉导管(PICC)在老年脑卒中患者应用发生并发症的原因,并提出预防对策。方法回顾总结68例老年脑卒中患者PICC并发症的发生情况并分析原因。结果68例患者中留置尿管时间为14~126 d,平均39 d,因并发症而需拔管的占23.8%,主要并发症依次为:局部渗血、送管困难或导管异位、导管阻塞、静脉炎、导管脱出和感染等。结论老年脑卒中患者PICC局部渗血的发生率较高,而堵管率较低;针对局部渗血、送管困难、导管阻塞等并发症特点,采取穿刺部位首选健侧肢体的贵要静脉、加强局部止血、防止血液返流等预防措施,可有效降低并发症的发生率。

Complications and prevention of peripherally inserted central catheter to senile stroke patients

Objective To analyze the causes of complication of peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC) to senile stroke patients and propose prevention strategies.Methods The complications of PICC in 68 senile stroke patients were studied retrospectively,and the causes were analyzed.Results Of the 68 cases,the longest insertion period was 126 days,and 22% of catheters had to be extracted duo to complications.The complications consisted of capillary hemorrhage,insertion catheter difficulty or catheter aberrance,catheter lockage,phlebophlogosis,catheter exodus and infection.Conclusions As senile patients were cured with PICC,the capillary hemorrhage incidence is relatively high but catheter blockage incidence is low.Selection of basilica vein as puncture site,local haemostasis and prevention of blood back flow are helpful to lower the incidence of related complications.