地塞米松和酚妥拉明对小鼠肾上腺素过量性肺水肿的影响

目的探讨地塞米松及酚妥拉明对大剂量肾上腺素引起的小鼠肺水肿的影响。方法将30只昆明种小鼠随机分为5组,分别注射肾上腺素、肾上腺素＋地塞米松、肾上腺素＋酚妥拉明、地塞米松、生理盐水,观察用药前后呼吸的变化,动物死亡后取完整肺脏称重,计算小鼠肺系数。结果肾上腺素组小鼠肺系数均值显著大于生理盐水组（P〈0.05）;酚妥拉明与肾上腺素合用组小鼠肺系数均值明显低于肾上腺素组者（P〈0.05）。肾上腺素与地塞米松合用可促进肺水肿从而加重病情,但也可显示抑制肺水肿的现象。结论大剂量肾上腺素单用可以导致急性肺水肿,迅速给予酚妥拉明可以拮抗肾上腺素引起的急性肺水肿。该结果对于建立相应的实验动物模型及临床上肾上腺素过量中毒的治疗有一定的指导意义。

Effect of dexamethasone and phentolamine on pulmonary edema in mice caused by injection of an overdose of adrenaline

Objective To explore the effect of administrating dexamethasone or/and phentolamine on pulmonary edema in mice caused by injection of an overdose of adrenaline（AD）.Methods 30 KM mice were randomly divided into five groups and they were given an intraperitoneal injection of AD（according to the dosage of 0.09mg per 10 gram body weight）,AD ＆ dexamethasone（0.03 mg/10g BW）AD ＆ phentolamine（0.01 mg/10 g BW）dexamethasone（0.03 mg/10 g BW）and normal saline（NS）respectively.The changes of their breath before and after different intervals of administration were observed.After the death of mice（died or were killed）,their whole lungs were separated and weighed,and the average pulmonary coefficients of groups were calculated.Results The average pulmonary coefficient of group AD was apparently higher than that of group NS（P〈0.05）.The average pulmonary coefficient in group of combined administration of AD and phentolamine was significantly lower than that of group AD（P〈0.05）.Immediately administrating dexamethasone could lead to dual effects of both promotion and inhibition on the pathological process of pulmonary edema.Conclusion The overdose administration of adrenaline can cause acute pulmonary edema in experimental animals.The immediate administration of phentolamine can inhibit the development of pulmonary edema.The present results will be helpful for establishing relevant experimental animal model and clinical treatment of AD intoxication.