痣样黑素瘤三例临床及组织病理学分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨痣样黑素瘤的临床和组织病理学特征。方法 回顾性分析2000—2020年西京皮肤医院诊断的3例痣样黑素瘤患者的临床和组织病理资料。结果 3例痣样黑素瘤患者中，女2例，男1例，皮损初始表现为黑斑、丘疹。2例在手术切除后皮疹复发增大成斑块或新发结节样皮损。组织病理学检查：表皮及真皮内上皮样黑素细胞增生，细胞有异型性，部分细胞核深染。免疫组化结果显示，皮损内瘤细胞Melan-A、S100表达阳性；HMB45在真皮瘤细胞内弥漫阳性，局部阴性；Ki67增殖指数升高，细胞周期蛋白D1表达活跃。结论 痣样黑素瘤易误诊为色素痣或脂溢性角化病；对于组织学诊断为色素痣，但临床出现复发或者转移的患者，需高度警惕痣样黑素瘤的可能。

Clinical and histopathological analysis of three cases of nevoid melanoma

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate clinical and histopathological characteristics of nevoid melanoma. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on clinical and histopathological data collected from 3 patients with nevoid melanoma diagnosed in Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital from 2000 to 2020. Results Among the 3 patients with nevoid melanoma, 2 were females and 1 was male. Skin lesions initially manifested as black macules and papules. After surgical resection, 2 patients developed new nodular lesions or recurrent skin lesions which enlarged into plaques. Histopathological examination showed proliferation of epithelioid melanocytes in the epidermis and dermis, with cytological atypia and some deeply stained nuclei. Immunohistochemical study revealed positive staining for Melan-A and S100 in tumor cells in the skin lesions, diffusely positive staining for HMB45 in dermal tumor cells, locally negative staining for HMB45 in the deep dermis, increased Ki67 proliferation index, and active expression of cyclin D1. Conclusion Nevoid melanoma is easy to be misdiagnosed as pigmented nevi or seborrheic keratosis; when recurrence or metastasis occurs in patients with histologically diagnosed pigmented nevi, attention should be paid to the possibility of nevoid melanoma.