早产儿喂养不耐受的胃肠内喂养方法研究

目的探讨改良微量胃肠内喂养法对喂养不耐受早产儿的临床效果。结论将符合纳入标准的喂养不耐受70例早产儿随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用常规微量胃肠道喂养法,观察组按照3h的间隔分别给予温开水、5%葡萄糖水和稀释奶（根据体重稀释）各喂养6次后,如无不耐受给予全奶喂养,比较两组患儿喂养不耐受各项观察指标的变化以及相关并发症的发病率。结果观察组患儿的黄疸持续时间、恢复出生体重时间、胃潴留消失时间、胎便排尽时间、平均出院时间分别为（14.6±2.5）d、（10.1±1.8）d、（5.1±1.2）d、（14.2±2.3）d、（19.2±2.3）d;对照组分别为（19.5±2.1）d、（13.5±1.3）d、（7.4±1.3）d、（18.7±2.5）d、（25.4±2.1）d,两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。在吸吮出现时间和坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）、吸入性肺炎等并发症发病率方面,两组比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论与常规微量胃肠道内喂养法相比,改良微量胃肠道内喂养法更能有效地缓解早产儿喂养不耐受症状。

The clinic study of enteral feeding in preterm infants

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of modified minimal enteral feeding methods on feeding intolerance in preterm infants..Methods The study was carried out in 70 premature infants,divided randomly into two groups.The experiment group was fed sequentially with warm boiled water,5% GS and diluted milk for 6 times,then full-milk. The control group was fed with reported minimal feeding method.The disappearances feeding intolerance related clinic index and the complication were compared. Results The disappearance of gastric retention and jaundice（14.6±2.5）d vs（19.5±2.1）d,P0.001], excretion of meconium time（14.2±2.3）d vs（18.7±2.5）d,P0.001], days to regain birth weight（10.1±1.8）d vs（13.5±1.3）,P0.001）]and hospitalization period（19.2±2.3）d vs（25.4±2.1）d,P0.001）]were improved obviously in experiment group compared with control group.The occurrence time of sucking action is not significant difference between these groups（P0.05）.The complication occurrences were not significantly different between groups except the hypoglycemia. Conclusion It could improved the symptom of feeding intolerance that giving the preterm infants with modified enteral feeding method compared with the conventional minimal enteral feeding method.