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硅介导的水稻对二化螟幼虫钻蛀行为的影响
引用本文:韩永强,刘川,侯茂林.硅介导的水稻对二化螟幼虫钻蛀行为的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(21):5967-5974.
作者姓名:韩永强  刘川  侯茂林
作者单位:1. 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京,100193
2. 湖南省宁乡县农业技术推广中心,长沙,410600
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划课题(2006CB1020004);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803004);国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD08A04)
摘    要:采用对二化螟敏感(汕优63)和中抗(盐丰47)的水稻品种,设置硅酸钙处理,观察二化螟蚁螟和三龄幼虫在不同处理稻茎上的钻蛀率、蛀入率和蛀入耗时,同时测定不同处理植株的硅细胞数量及植株与土壤的二氧化硅含量,旨在明确水稻施用硅肥对二化螟幼虫钻蛀行为的影响以及这种影响在不同龄期幼虫和不同抗虫性水稻品种间是否存在差异。蚁螟和三龄幼虫钻蛀率随硅肥施用量增加而降低(幅度为5%—28%)。蚁螟蛀入率在硅肥处理之间和水稻品种之间均没有差异;三龄幼虫蛀入率随硅肥施用量增加而显著下降10%—40%,盐丰47上的蛀入率显著低于汕优63(差异10%—30%)。蚁螟蛀入耗时随硅肥施用量增加而显著延长,三龄幼虫蛀入耗时与品种抗性有显著关系。稻茎硅含量随硅肥施用量增加而增大,并且与三龄幼虫蛀入率呈负相关、与三龄幼虫蛀入耗时呈正相关关系。因此,施用硅肥可直接抑制二化螟幼虫钻蛀,蛀入耗时的延长可间接地延长幼虫暴力于其它防治措施的时间;施用硅肥对三龄幼虫成功蛀入的影响大于对蚁螟的影响;相对于抗虫品种,施用硅肥能在更大程度上增强感虫品种对二化螟幼虫钻蛀行为的抑制作用。

关 键 词:二化螟  水稻    钻蛀行为  抗虫性
收稿时间:2009/10/9 0:00:00
修稿时间:2009/12/1 0:00:00

Silicon-mediated effects of rice plants on boring behavior of Chilo suppressalis larvae
Hou Maolin,and Liu Chuan.Silicon-mediated effects of rice plants on boring behavior of Chilo suppressalis larvae[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2010,30(21):5967-5974.
Authors:Hou Maolin  and Liu Chuan
Abstract:Boring behavior of first and third instar larvae of the rice stem borer (RSB), Chilo suppressalis, on calcium silicate (Si)-treated susceptible (Shanyou63) and moderately resistant (Yanfeng47) rice cultivars was compared in terms of percentage of larvae bored (PLB), percentage of larvae penetrated (PLP) and penetration duration (PD), and number of silica cells in leaf sheaths and SiO2 content in soil and rice culms were determined, with the aims to clarify the influence of Si amendment on RSB boring behavior and whether there are differences in the Si-mediated influence regarding larval instars and rice cultivars. PLB decreased 5%-28% with increase in Si addition. PLP did not differ among Si treatments or between rice cultivars for the first instars; for the third instars, PLP significantly decreased 10%-40% with increase in Si supply and was 10% to 30% lower on Yanfeng47 than on Shanyou63. Si addition significantly prolonged PD in the first instars and, Yanfeng47 compared to Shanyou63 extended PD in the third instars. Increased SiO2 content in rice culms due to Si addition contributed to the reduction in PLP and prolong in PD of the third instar larvae. The current results indicate that Si amendment may contribute to the suppression of C. suppressalis directly through impeding larval penetration, and indirectly by delaying penetration, resulting in prolonged exposure of larvae to other control measures; Si supply impairs penetration more strongly in the third instars than in the first instars; and, susceptible rice cultivar benefits more from Si addition than resistant one in deterring boring by RSB larvae.
Keywords:Chilo suppressalis  rice  silicon  boring behavior  plant resistance
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