长江中游城市群生态文明水平测度及时空演变

长江中游城市群在我国区域发展格局中占有重要地位,必须以生态文明为理念进行城市群的建设。使用熵权TOPSIS综合评价法测度长江中游城市群2009至2013年的生态文明水平;利用环境库兹涅茨曲线理论和障碍度模型解析城市群生态文明差异化格局的成因和重要影响因子;运用空间全局自相关方法分析城市群整体生态文明水平的空间聚集程度;借助Jenks自然最佳断裂点法对各地区生态文明状况进行聚类可视化分析。研究表现:(1)人均国内生产总值、人均居民社会消费品零售额、服务业增加值占GDP比重、人均水资源总量、城镇居民年人均可支配收入为5大影响长江中游城市群生态文明水平的重要因素。(2)武汉城市圈中武汉市生态文明水平颇佳,周边城市围绕武汉市呈圈层低值分布,"中心-外围"模式明显;环长株潭城市群展现长沙、株洲双核模式,一定程度上带动临近城市进行生态文明建设,但与相隔较远城市极化现象严重;环鄱阳湖城市群各地市间生态文明差异较小,5年来生态文明水平进步明显。(3)2009至2013年长江中游城市群生态文明聚类特征由微弱的负相关向微弱的正相关演变,并于2012年呈现出较强的集聚倾向。(4)襄阳市、宜昌市生态文明水平逐年下降,由生态文明库兹涅茨曲线的上方跌落至曲线下方,经济刺激对生态文明贡献偏低,九江市生态文明水平的保持与连续性较弱,波动性较大。

Research on the state and spatiotemporal evolution of ecological civilization in the urban agglomeration on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

With the rapid development of the global economy, the contradiction between economic development and environmental degradation becomes increasingly severe. People have started to realize the importance of environmental protection during the course of economic development. The urban agglomeration on the middle reach of the Yangtze River occupies an important place in China''s regional development, and it belongs to a key zone in territorial development. Development of the urban agglomeration must adhere to the concept and principles of ecological civilization. This article evaluates the state of ecological civilization in the urban agglomeration on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River between 2009 and 2013, using a combined entropy weight and TOPSIS method. This article analyzes the cause and key factors that make ecological civilization vary by using an Environmental Kuznets Curve and obstacle degree model. Using global spatial auto-correlation analysis, this article measures the degree of spatial agglomeration for the urban agglomeration on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In addition, this article conducts a visual cluster analysis of ecological civilization for different regions using the Jenks natural breaks classification method. The four main research findings are as follows:(1) The five key factors affecting the ecological civilization of the urban agglomeration on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River are:GDP per capita, per capita retail sales for social consumer goods, the service industry''s added value as a portion of GDP, total available water resources per person, and per capita annual disposable income for urban residents. (2) In the greater Wuhan megalopolis, Wuhan''s ecological civilization is maintained better than its surrounding cities; this ecological civilization gap between Wuhan and its surrounding cities is evident. The Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration follows the Changsha-Zhuzhou dual-core model, partially driving the ecological civilization development of nearby cities, while exerting little effect on the ecological civilization of relatively remote cities. The ecological civilization of the cities and areas surrounding Poyang Lake differs slightly. Over the past five years, the ecological civilization of these cities and areas has been developing noticeably. (3) The clustering characteristics of the urban agglomeration on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River have changed from a weak negative correlation to a weak positive correlation between 2009 and 2013; in 2012, it started showing a strong tendency towards agglomeration. (4) The ecological civilization of Xiangyang and Yichang degrades year by year. It has fallen from the upper part of the ecological civilization Kuznets Curve to the lower part. Economic stimulus contributes little to ecological civilization. The sustainability of ecological civilization construction of Jiujiang is insufficient and has great volatility. It is unable to maintain a good level of ecological civilization over a long period.