云南南亚热带地区冬玉米种植的生态生理学研究

１９９６－１９９８年，在蒙自县草坝进行了玉米冬播栽培的试验和大面积种植，并连年获得高产。主要是：１．冬播玉米有明显较长的生育期。２．冬玉米的叶片发展和光热资源有较好的匹配。构成了冬播玉米高产的基础。３灌浆中期全天平均光通量密度为１３９１．８μE.m^-2.s^-1，植株实际截获８７．６％的总通量。底层相对较高的透光延缓了叶片的衰老。为灌浆期总干物质生产提供了较好的条件。４，冬播玉米开发后的干物质生产量占总干物质量的７２．１％，有利于籽粒生产。５冬播玉米灌浆期生长的同化物最终有１２．７８％存留于营养体中，表明库容是生产力的限制因数，扩大库容可使其籽粒产量进一步提高。

Study on Ecophysiology of Winter Maiz (Zea mays) in South Subtropical Region of Yunnan

From 1996 to 1998, several experiments and mass cultivation ofwinter maize are carried out in Caoba, Mengzi County, Yunnan. High yield were successily obtained in 3 years. The main reasons are as follows: 1. The growth period of winter maize is obviously longer than others. 2. The LAI development of winter maize match well with the resource of light and heat in Caoba. This is the basis of high yielding of winter maize. 3. At mid-filling stage, the mean light flux density (LFD) per day is 1391.8μE.m-2.s-1. The plants intercept and capture 87.6% of the total LFD. Enough light at basal layer can delay the leaf senescence, which provides better conditions for the total dry matter production of grain at filling period. 4. The amount of dry matter production for winter maize after silking account for 72.1 % of the total dry matter. This is advantageous to grain production. 5. Dry matter 12.78% produced at filling stage has remained in the vegetative organs, indicates that the source capacity is a limiting factor of obtaining a high yield. Enlarging the source capacity may further increase the yield of winter maize.