不同术式对雌兔内分泌和骨代谢的影响

目的观察不同子宫、卵巢切除术式对兔术后早期内分泌激素和骨代谢的影响。方法45只健康成年雌兔随机分为5组，Ⅰ组：单纯子宫全切除组；Ⅱ组：子宫全切＋单侧卵巢切除组；Ⅲ组：子宫全切＋双侧卵巢切除组；Ⅳ组：双侧卵巢切除组；Ⅴ组：对照组。测量术前、术后1、2、3个月的体重、雌二醇（E2）、甲状旁腺素（PTH）、血钙、血清碱性磷酸酶（ALK）和骨密度（BD）。结果术后第2、3个月，Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组出现烦躁不安和体重减轻的实验兔要显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组；术后第2个月，Ⅱ组E2浓度（17．66±6．06）pg／mL，显著降低，术后第3个月，血钙增高（3．86±0．11）mmol／L，第2椎骨骨密度显著降低，与对照组相比（P〈0．05），有显著差异；Ⅱ组术后第3个月PTH增高，但与对照组相比无显著差异（P〉0．05）。Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组术后第2个月起，E2、PTH、血钙、ALT和BD，与对照组相比均有显著改变。结论子宫切除术会影响雌兔内分泌的变化，只保留单侧卵巢时不能维持相应的正常生理功能。

Influence of Different Procedures of Hysterectomy and Ovariotomy on Endocrine and Bone Metabolism in Female Rabbit

Objective To study influence of different procedures of hysterectomy and ovariotomy on endocrine hormone and bone metabolism in rabbit at the early term after operation. Method Forty-five healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to five groups studied for 3 months, group Ⅰ （n = 9） ： the hysterectomy group; group Ⅱ ： the hysterectomy ＋ unilateral ovariotomy group; group Ⅲ ： the hysterectomy ＋ bilateral ovariectomy group; group Ⅳ ： the bilateral ovariectomy group; group Ⅴ ： the sham-operated group. The animal weight, blood Ca, ALP, estradiol 2, Parathyroid Hormone （PTH） and bone density were measured before operation and at the first, second and third month after operation respectively. Result The number of rabbits showed symptoms of agitation and weight loss in the group Ⅲ and the group Ⅳ were significantly higher compared with the group Ⅰ and the group Ⅱ in the second and third months after operation. In the group Ⅱ , E2 level was significantly lower to （ 17.66 ± 6.06） pg/mL second month after operation. Blood Ca was elevated to （3.86 ±0. 11 ） mmol/L third month after operation, and the bone density of the second lumbar was significantly lower second month after operation and those were significantly differential compared with the control group; PTH was elevated but compared with the control group without significant third month after operation. E2, PTH, Blood Ca, ALT and BD in the group Ⅲ and the group Ⅳ were significantly different compared with the control group since 2 month after operation. Conclusions Hysterectomy would affect the ovary functions, unilateral ovary after operation could not sustain normal physiological functions.