外生菌根合成过程中外源竞争性真菌及其菌根形态

在温室内,利用松属Pinus、栎属Quercus植物幼苗分别与乳菇属Lactarius、块菌属Tuber中重要食用菌进行菌根合成过程中,发现有9种外源竞争性菌根真菌exogenous competitive mycorrhizal fungi （ECMF）会造成宿主植物污染。形态解剖和分子生物学鉴定结果表明,9种ECMF分属5个属（Amphinema、须腹菌属Rhizopogon、硬皮马勃属Scleroderma、小球孢盘菌属Sphaerosporella、乳牛肝菌属Suillus）5科（阿太菌科Atheliaceae、须腹菌科Rhizopogonaceae、硬皮马勃科Sclerodermataceae、火丝菌科Pyronemataceae、乳牛肝菌科Suillaceae）,其中,造成松树苗污染的主要为Amphinema、Rhizopogon和Suillus属的种类,造成栎树苗污染的主要为Scleroderma属的种类,而Sphaerosporella属的种类既能污染松也能污染栎。同时,对ECMF形成菌根的形态与解剖特征进行了描述,以期为菌根合成过程中ECMF污染的识别与控制提供借鉴。

Exogenous competitive mycorrhizal fungi and their mycorrhiza morphology during ectomycorrhiza synthesis of some Lactarius and Tuber species on pine and oak seedlings

In the process of mycorrhiza synthesis of some edible species of Lactarius and Tuber in seedlings of Pinus and Quercus, nine species of exogenous competitive mycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) were found to contaminate the host plants. Identification result indicates that these ECMF belong to five genera, Amphinema, Rhizopogon, Scleroderma, Sphaerosporella and Suillus, in five families, Atheliaceae, Rhizopogonaceae, Sclerodermataceae, Pyronemataceae and Suillaceae. Species of Amphinema, Rhizopogon and Suillus mainly contaminated Pinus seedlings, and Quercus seedlings were mainly contaminated by Scleroderma. Sphaerosporella species could contaminate both Pinus and Quercus seedlings. Morphological characteristics of these ECMF were described.