新疆天山野生果树研究及保护

根据多年调查和初步统计，新疆天山山区的野生果树种类有81种，由于新疆天山野果林生态系统受到人类经济活动的强烈影响，野果林分布范围缩减、面积下降，物种减少，有的濒临灭绝状态，必须引起重视，本研究提出了新疆野生果树资源保护和可持续利用的建议及对策：（1）加强新疆野生果树种质资源的收集和保存；（2）开展资源调查、评价与利用工作，保育和开发利用并重，实现资源的永续利用；（3）应及早建立新疆新源野苹果林自然保护区和霍城大西沟野生樱桃李自然保护区。

Study on the Wild Fruit Trees and Its Conservation of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang

Based on previous literature and the field survey,81 species of wild fruit trees were recognized in Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang.The ecosystems of wild fruit forests in Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang are very fragile,easily influenced by various activities of human.The distribution of wild fruit forests is becoming narrower,and their areas and species are decreasing. Therefore,more attention should be paid to protection of the ecosystems.Three suggestions and countermeasures for conservation and sustainable utilization of the resources of wild fruit trees were proposed based on the present studies.(1)Emphasis should be put on collection and conservation of the germplasm of wild fruit trees in Xinjiang;(2)In order to exploit resources of wild fruit trees sustainability,both their conservation and exploitation should be paid attention to.(3)Reserve of Malus sieversii in Xinyuan county and Reserve of Prunus cerasifera in Daxigou,Huocheng county in Xinjiang should be set up as early as possible.