Changes in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities along a river delta island in northeastern Brazil |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, s/n, ‘‘C1’’, Petrolina, PE CEP 56300-990, Brazil;3. Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Núcleo de Biologia Aplicada, Rod. MG 424 KM 45 - Bairro Esmeraldas, SN, Caixa Postal 285, CEP 35701-970, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil;4. Agroscope, Ecotoxicology, Schloss 1, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;1. Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Renmin 5268, Changchun 130024, PR China;2. Institute of Grassland Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, PR China;3. Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7007, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden;1. Estación Forestal INTA-Villa Dolores (EEA Manfredi - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria), Camino Viejo a San José km 1, (5870) Villa Dolores, Pcia, Córdoba, Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina;1. Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlá?ská 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czechia;2. Department of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Lidická 25/27, CZ-657 20 Brno, Czechia;3. Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., 10617 Taipei, Taiwan;4. School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., 10617 Taipei, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a key role in the maintenance of the balance of terrestrial ecosystems, but little is known about the biogeography of these fungi, especially on tropical islands. This study aims to compare AMF community structure along a transect crossing a fluvial-marine island and relate these communities with soil and vegetation parameters to shed light on the forces driving AMF community structure on a local scale. We tested the hypothesis that the composition of AMF communities changes across the island, even within short distances among sites, in response to differences in edaphic characteristics and vegetation physiognomies. We sampled roots and soils in five different natural and degraded habitats: preserved mangrove forest (MF), degraded mangrove forest (MD), natural Restinga forest (RF), and two regeneration Restinga forests (RR1 and RR2) on Ilha da Restinga, northeastern Brazil. We determined the mycorrhizal colonization rate and AMF community structure based on morphological spore identification. The island soils were sandy with pH varying from acid to neutral; higher levels of organic matter were registered in RF and lower in MF; other chemical and physical soil attributes differed along the habitat types on the island. In total, 22 AMF species were identified, without any difference in species richness. However, the diversity and composition of AMF communities, spore abundance per families, and mycorrhizal colonization were statistically different among the habitats. The composition of AMF communities was strongly related to soil characteristics, especially the sum of exchangeable bases. Our results indicate that the different habitat types have diverse AMF communities even within short distances among habitats. In conclusion, islands with high spatial heterogeneity in soil parameters and diverse vegetation are potential refuges for the diversity conservation of AM fungi. |
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| Keywords: | Arbuscular mycorrhiza AMF community structure Coastal ecosystems Soil factors |
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