草菇培养物中粗三萜和黄酮含量及抗氧化抗肿瘤活性研究

采用液体摇瓶法培养草菇菌丝体，并用不同有机溶剂对培养液及菌丝体中的代谢成分分别进行分离提取，获得了不同来源的次生代谢提取物。对各提取物的成分分析表明，石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相和乙醇相提取物中均含有粗三萜和黄酮类物质，但菌丝体提取物中粗三萜和黄酮含量明显高于培养液提取物中的含量。石油醚抽提菌丝体获得的提取物中粗三萜含量最高，达17%，而乙酸乙酯抽提菌丝体获得的提取物中黄酮含量最高，达9.31%。抗氧化活性检测结果显示，石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、乙醇相中的代谢提取物均有较高的抗氧化活性，但乙酸乙酯相提取物的抗氧化活性明显高于石油醚相提取物，具最高抗氧化活性的提取物分别来自乙酸乙酯、乙醇对菌丝体的抽提物。MTT法检测各提取物对胃癌细胞增殖的抑制作用，结果显示各组分均有较高的抗肿瘤活性，且抗肿瘤活性与提取物浓度存在明显的量效关系。

The analysis of crude triterpenoids and flavonoids contents, antioxidative and antitumor activities of the crude extracts from culture broth of Volvariella volvacea

The spawns of Volvariella volvacea were inoculated into potato dextrose liquid media of triangle-flasks and cultured by constantly shaking for 7 days. Mycelia and cultured filtrates were extracted by petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), ethanol (Eth), respectively, and the different organic portions were used to prepare the extracts of secondary metabolites. The component analysis indicated that there were crude triterpenoids and flavonoids in all the extracts, but the contents of crude triterpenoids and flavonoids in mycelia extracts were higher than those in cultured filtrates. There was the most crude triterpenoids content (17%) in the mycelia extracts obtained by PE. However, the most flavonoids content (9.31%) was in the mycelia extracts obtained by EA. Antioxidative assay showed three kinds of secondary metabolites possessed antioxidative activities, but the activities of the extracts from EA were visibly higher than those from PE. The mycelia extracts from EA and Eth had the highest antioxidative activities. MTT assay suggested that the extracts could inhibit the proliferation of BGC cancer cells and exhibit higher antitumor activitives, and there was a dose-effect relationship between the extracts concentration and the antitumor activitives.