ICU开放人工气道患者下呼吸道病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的了解重症监护室（ICU）开放气道患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药特点，为临床用药提供依据。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2008年12月，重症监护室开放气道患者下呼吸道感染者的痰标本418株病原菌进行鉴定及药敏试验。结果革兰阴性杆菌占69．6％，其中铜绿假单胞菌27．02％，其次为鲍曼不动杆菌20．16％。革兰阳性球菌占20．16％，以金黄色葡萄球菌为主占12．5％，真菌10．24％。结论目前重症监护室下呼吸道致病菌以G^-杆菌为主，细菌的耐药性严重，应根据药敏试验选择抗生素。

Distribution and resistance analysis of pathogens from lower respiratory infection patients with open artificial airways in ICUs

Objective To understand the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance characteristics in lower respiratory tract infection patients with open airways in intensive care units(ICUs),and provide basis for clinical medication.Method Retrospective analysis was performed on 418 strains from the sputum samples collected from lower respiratory infection patients with open airways in ICUs between January 2007 and December 2008.The pathogens were identified and their durg susceptibility was detected.Result Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 69.6%,including Pseudomonas aeruginosa(27.02%),and Acinetobacter baumannii(20.16%).Gram positive coccus accounted for 20.16%,including Staphylococcus aureus(12.5%) and fungi(10.24%).Conclusion G-bacilli are currently the main pathogens of lower respiratory tract infection in ICUs,with severe drug resistance.Use of antibiotics should be based on the antimicrobial susceptibility test results.