转基因番茄口服疫苗的现状,问题及对策

日趋成熟的植物基因工程技术为转基因植物口服疫苗的研究提供了基础并带来了广阔的发展前景.番茄是最常用的转基因植物受体材料之一,可以直接生食避免了加热过程对外源蛋白的损伤.随着转基因植物免疫保护机制的进一步阐明以及国际番茄基因组测序计划的完成,转基因番茄口服疫苗的发展也迎来了新的机遇.但与此同时,我们也应看到转基因番茄口服疫苗仍存在诸多不确定的因素,如外源蛋白表达量不高、口服时可能被消化以及转基因植物安全性问题等.如何成功解决这些问题将成为转基因番茄口服疫苗发展过程中的重大考验.综述了植物口服疫苗这一概念出现后的近二十年中,番茄作为受体材料研制口服疫苗的现状,问题及对策,旨在为转基因番茄口服疫苗的进一步研究提供思路.

Status,Problems and Strategies of Transgenic Tomatoes for Oral Vaccine

Plant gene engineering techniques are developing fast, offering technical support and paving the way towards the development of transgenic plants for oral vaccines. Tomato is one of the most useful transgenic acceptors. Transgenic tomatoes for oral vaccine which can be ate directly without heating are easy to administer. This largely reduce the level of damage to the foreign protein. With the demonstration of the immune protection mechanism of genetically modified plants and the completion of the international tomato genome project, new opportunities for transgenic tomatoes are emerging. However, there still are some challenges facing in the production of transgenic tomatoes for oral vaccines. These challenges include low expression rate of foreign protein, potentiality to be digested and the food safety of genetically modified plants. Status, problems and strategies of transgenic tomatoes for oral vaccines were reviewed, which may be helpful to inspire further studies.