枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌肽生物合成的研究进展

革兰氏阳性菌模式生物——枯草芽孢杆菌能分泌多种肽类及由肽类衍生的抗菌活性物质,按合成途径不同,可分为核糖体肽和非核糖体肽。其中,非核糖体肽分子量较小,一般为3000Da以下,其生物合成是通过多功能复合酶系——非核糖体肽链合成酶来完成的,多发生在菌体生长停止之后;而核糖体肽分子量较大,其合成多于菌体快速生长时期。非核糖体肽链合成酶和核糖体肽的合成及其调控均需基因参与,而这一系列基因就构成了各种抗菌肽生物合成的基因簇。对核糖体肽和非核糖体肽的生物合成及其相关调控机制进行了综述。

Progress on Biosynthesis of Antimicrobial Peptides from Bacillus subtilis

The endospore-forming rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis is able to produce a variety of polypeptides and peptide-derived antimicrobial compounds that are synthesized ribosomally or generated non-ribosomally. Non-ribosomal peptides contain lipopeptides and oligo-peptides, the molecular weight of which is less than 3 000 Da and that are catalyzed by employing multienzyme complexes (nonribosomal peptide synthetases, NRPSs) after growth has ceased, while the molecular weight of ribosomal peptides is much more than 30 kDa and they are synthesized during active growth. Both biosynthesis and regulation of NRPSs and ribosomal peptides are controlled by a series of gene, called gene clusters. Biosynthesis and gene regulation of non-ribosomal and ribosomal peptides were reviewed.