糖尿病和非糖尿病动脉粥样硬化兔模型的建立

目的建立兔动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病动脉粥样硬化模型并比较其动脉粥样硬化病变的特点。方法四氧嘧啶静脉推注诱发糖尿病后,行腹主动脉球囊损伤术拉伤内皮并饲高脂饲料建立糖尿病动脉粥样硬化兔模型,非糖尿病动脉粥样硬化兔模型静脉推注生理盐水,余处理相同。喂养10周做腹主动脉造影和腹主动脉内超声后处死,取腹主动脉横切片做HE染色和免疫组化,比较两组兔主动脉内膜/中膜比值及巨噬细胞、平滑肌细胞含量,以评价动脉粥样硬化病变的程度和性质。结果所有兔胸主动脉粥样硬化病变明显轻于腹主动脉;糖尿病动脉粥样硬化兔腹主动脉壁特别是近血管腔处巨噬细胞浸润明显多于动脉粥样硬化兔,而平滑肌细胞含量显著减少。结论糖尿病动脉粥样硬化兔的腹主动脉粥样硬化病变内有更加活跃的炎症细胞浸润,提示病变性质更加不稳定。

Establishment of Rabbit Models of Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Atherosclerosis

Objective To establish rabbit models of diabetic and non-diabetic atherosclerosis and to study characteristics of their plaques in the aorta.Methods Diabetes was induced by alloxan injection,atherosclerosis was induced by balloon injury of the abdominal aorta and high lipid feeding for ten weeks(Non-diabetic atherosclerotic rabbits received physiological saline injection instead of alloxan).Angiography and intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) of the abdominal aorta were performed to evaluate plaque morphology.Transverse sections of the aorta were taken to perform H&E staining and immunohistochemistry,through which thickness of the intima,contents of macrophages and smooth muscle cells in the intima were examined.Results Atherosclerosis developed more seriously in abdominal than in thoracic aorta in all rabbits.Significantly more macrophages and fewer smooth muscle cells were observed in plaques of diabetic abdominal aorta,especially near the aortic lumen,than in non-diabetic rabbits.Conclusion Rabbit models of diabetic and non-diabetic atherosclerosis have been successfully established.More active inflammation was present in diabetic than in non-diabetic atherosclerotic plaques,indicating a more unstable nature of the diabetic atherosclerosis.