广西眼镜蛇毒磷酸二酯酶分离纯化及部分性质

磷酸二酯酶(PDE)广泛存在于各种蛇毒中,在响尾蛇科、蝰蛇科、眼镜蛇科和海蛇科的部分蛇毒中都存在着该酶.不同的蛇毒其PDE活力及含量有很大差异.即便在生物学分类上十分接近的蛇种,其PDE活力亦相差甚远.该酶是核酸结构分析的一种重要工具酶,具有核酸水解酶作用,是一种核酸外切酶,它能从3'-端顺序地降解核糖或脱氧核糖多核苷酸,生成5'-单核苷酸.该酶既能水解DNA又能水解RNA,因而在核酸的鉴定和序列测定方面获得了广泛的应用.由于蛇毒PDE在核酸顺序测定中显示的重要性,因而对各种蛇毒纯化PDE的研究工作引起了国内外学者的广泛兴趣.王殿洪等1]曾对江西蝮蛇毒中PDE的分离纯化及某些性质做过报道,但广西眼镜蛇毒中PDE的分离纯化及性质在国内外均未有报道.广西有丰富的眼镜蛇毒资源,而且有高活性的PDE.蛇毒PDE的生物学活性,国外研究得较少.它没有出血、凝血、纤溶及致死作用.蛇毒PDE水解核糖核酸产生5'-单核苷酸,5'-单核苷酸在医药上均有十分重要作用,制成药物治疗白血病和血小板减少症等.

Purification and Characterization of Phosphodiesterase from Guangxi Cobra Venom

By successive chromatography on CM-Sepharose CL-6B,Sephadex G-100,Heparin-Sepharose CL-6B, a phosphodiesterase (PDE, EC3.1.4.1) was isolated and purified from Guangxi cobra venom. The final preparation was 89 fold pure and had high specific activity. The enzyme showed a single band on SDS-PAGE and IEF. The PDE showed a molecular weight of 110 kD and pI of 7.4. The enzyme consists of 840 amino acid residues and has only a methionine as N-terminal amino acid residues. It was rich in asparagine, leucine and glutamine and poor in sulphur-containing amino acid. It contains 5.38% neutral sugars. It has no acute toxicity and has analgesia effect.