我国小豆应用核心种质的生态适应性及评价利用

为提高我国小豆(Vigna angularis)应用型核心样本的育种利用效率，本研究通过两年两点的田间试验，分析了166份这些核心种质农艺性状的变异情况，明确了其生态适应性和可利用价值。结果表明，166份小豆核心种质在广西南宁均表现为直立生长，并能正常成熟收获，；在河北唐山仅有64.2%XX88份种质的小豆种质在河北唐山两年内均表现为直立生长，且有25份不能正常开花结荚。大部分数量性状年度间差异与生态环境有关，其中唐山的年度间差异不明显，而南宁的年度间均达到极显著差异，反映了小豆对生态环境、气候条件的较强敏感性。所有种质在南宁的生育期显著提前，而产量相关因子中，单株荚数、百粒重等均显著小于唐山。综合分析表明不同种质的生态适应性存在较大差异，说明选育广适性小豆品种是可能的。综合最终根据农艺性状的综合表现，分别筛选出适合南宁和唐山育种利用的优异种质共16份。筛选出适合南宁种植的绿豆种质8多少份，适合唐山种植的绿豆种质10多少份。

Adaptability and Variation of an Applied Core Collection of adzuki bean in China

To accelerate the application of the core collection of adzuki bean in breeding, we investigate the adaptability of these germplasm under different environments at continuous years. The results show that all the core collections are erect and can be harvested in Nanning, while only 64.2%88 of them are erect in Tangshan and 25 germplasm even can not mature. The agronomic traits were significantly different between eco-environments, and in Nanning, there were also significantly variations from different years, indicating the sensitivity of adzuki bean to light or temperature and other environmental factors. The growth periods of the core collections were significantly shorter in Nanning than in Tangshan, however, the number of pods per plant and 100-seed-weight were much lower. The present result also indicated that breeding for new variety with wide adaptability was possible. Based on the agronomic traits, 8 and tenin total 16 elite germplasm, were selected to bethat can be used directly in breeding or production at Nanning and Tangshan, respectively, were selected.