燕麦基因组学研究进展

燕麦具有较高的营养价值和保健功能,是一种可用于均衡营养、科学饮食的健康食品,正逐渐受到人们的青睐和认可。基因组学研究有助于燕麦重要农艺性状的定位和克隆,对开发利用燕麦优质种质资源具有重要意义。本文从以下几个方面对燕麦基因组学研究进展进行综述:(1)燕麦属基因组类型、大小及染色体倍性研究;(2)基于多种分子标记手段构建燕麦基因组遗传图谱进展;(3)二倍体、六倍体燕麦基因组测序进展;(4)基于数量性状基因座定位和全基因组关联性分析手段对燕麦基因组功能基因的注释研究;(5)燕麦群体基因组/泛基因组学研究。同时对燕麦基因组学研究方向进行了探讨,以期为今后燕麦遗传育种提供参考信息。

Research Progress on Oat Genomics Study

Oat(Avena sativa L.)is receiving increasing appreciation as nutritious diet food due to its nutritional benefits and health-care function.Genomics study of oat will help identify and clone the genes underlying important agronomic traits,thus benefiting for the exploitation of oat germplasm resources.This article reviews the important progresses on oat genomics study from the following aspects:(1)the genome designation,genome size and ploidy level variations in the genus Avena,(2)the oat genetic linkage maps constructed by different types of molecular markers,(3)the sequencing of diploid and hexaploid oat species,(4)functional annotation of genes based on quantitative trait locus(QTL)and genome-wide association study(GWAS)approaches,(5)population genomics or pan-genome study of oat.The prospects of genomics study in oat are proposed,in order to provide reference information for molecular breeding of oat in future.