十字花科栽培蔬菜及野生近缘种资源对小菜蛾的抗性分析

小菜蛾是危害十字花科蔬菜最严重的害虫,造成蔬菜产业巨大经济损失。现有育种材料中抗小菜蛾的资源非常稀缺,制约了抗虫新品种的选育。本研究利用国家蔬菜种质资源中期库中近年收集的来自10个国家,42个种,218份十字花科栽培蔬菜及野生近缘种资源进行了小菜蛾抗性鉴定。这些资源的抗性水平从极抗到极感皆有分布,除极端抗/感材料较少外,总体上呈均匀分布。属间、种间、变种间的平均抗性差异显著。同种植物的不同种质间抗性分布亦广。栽培资源比野生资源具有相对更高的平均抗虫水平,但是后者高抗材料更多。北部欧洲等地是抗性资源分布相对集中的地理区域。本研究获得抗虫资源19份,其中高抗资源4份,这些材料对蔬菜抗虫育种和抗虫基因发掘具有重要应用价值。

Analysis on the Resistance of Cruciferous Vegetable Crops and Their Wild Relatives to Diamondback Moth

Diamondback moth is one of the most destructive pests of cruciferous vegetables and causes great economical lost annually. The shortage of resistant plant resources has hindered the insect-resistant vegetable breeding progress. In this study, the resistances to diamondback moth were analyzed among the 218 accessions, which belong to 42 crucifer species and were collected from 10 different countries by the national mid-term gene bank for vegetables. The resistance level distributed almost evenly from highly resistance to highly sensitive, except that the extremely resistance or sensitive resources are rare. Significant differences in resistance were found between genus, species and subspecies. Even in same species, the resistant levels of accessions were widely distributed. In general, the cultivated resources showed higher resistance compared to the wild species on average, but wild species contained more high-resistant accessions. The north Europe and several other areas are the places being rich in resistant resources. By the present study, a total of 19 resistant resources were screened out, including four extreme high-resistant accessions. These materials will be valuable and useful in future vegetable breeding and anti-insect gene discovery.