三峡库区三种林下地被物储水特性

通过对三峡库区3种森林类型(松栎混交林、栓皮栎纯林、马尾松纯林)林下地被物调查及其持水试验，分别得到3种森林类型林下地被物最大储水量、吸水速率等水文特征参数，结果表明，栓皮栎纯林林下苔藓层储水量最大，为其风干重的303．1％，松栎混交林林下的为283．8％，马尾松纯林林下的为242．3％．松栎混交林林下枯落物最大储水量为其风干重的282.2％，栓皮栎纯林林下的为262．5％，马尾松纯林林下的为239．3％。经分析拟合，得到林下苔藓层、林下枯落物吸水速率与浸泡时间之间关系式为S=kt^n，在同为中龄林条件下，3种森林类型林下苔藓层储水量均高于林下枯落物储水量，而林下地被物储水量随时间变化过程与森林类型无关。

Water storage characteristics of ground covers under three forests in Three Gorges Area

Through water holding experiments and the survey of ground covers under three forests (mixed forest of Quercus variabilis and Pinus massoniana, pure Quercus variabilis forest and pure Pinus massoniana forest) in Three Gorges Area, the hydrological characteristic parameters,e.g.,maximum water holding capacity and water absorption speed, were measured.The results showed that the maximum water holding capacity of moss under pure Quercus variabilis forest is the highest (303.1 % of its dry weight), that under mixed forest of Quercus variabilis and Pinus massoniana was 283.8 %,and that under pure Pinus massoniana forest was 242.3 %.The maximum water holding capacity of litter under mixed forest stand of Quercus variabils and Pinus massoniana was 282.2 % of its dry weight, that under pure Quercus variabilis forest is 262.5 %, that under pure Pinus massoniana forest was 239.3 %.The equation between water absorption speed of ground cover and its immersed period could be S=kt n.The results also showed that when the forests were all in mid-age, the water holding ability of the mosses was higher than that of the litters under the same forest.The ground cover's variation with its immersed period had no relation to forest types.