碳纳米材料的环境行为及其对环境中污染物迁移归趋的影响

碳纳米材料具有广阔的应用前景，近年来已成为一大研究热点.工程碳纳米材料的大量生产和使用将不可避免地造成这些材料向环境中的释放，可能带来环境和生态风险.一方面，碳纳米材料本身具有环境毒性，另一方面碳纳米材料对环境中有毒有害污染物有较强的吸附性能，因此会影响污染物迁移转化等环境行为.目前，对碳纳米材料生态风险的研究主要集中于碳纳米材料对生物体可能的毒性，而对其自身环境行为以及影响污染物迁移归趋等方面的研究较少.本文简要概述了碳纳米材料的来源、暴露途径、环境行为以及对污染物迁移归趋的影响，阐述了这些研究对于评估碳纳米材料的环境和生态风险所具有的重要意义.

Carbon nanomaterials: their environmental behavior and effects on the transport and fate of pollutants in environment.

Carbon nanomaterials are the excellent candidates for a variety of app lications, and thus, their research is a hotspot in recent years. The big amount production and utilization of carbon nanomaterials will inevitably lead to the release of these materials into environment, and may incur potential environment al and ecological risks. On the one hand, carbon nanomaterials themselves are to xic to living organisms; on the other hand, they have stronger adsorbing capabil ity on the pollutants in environment, and thus, affect the transport and fate of the pollutants. At present, the researches on the ecological risk of carbon nan omaterials are largely focused on their potential bio toxicity, while a few are on their environmental behavior and their effects on the transport and fate of p ollutants in the environment. This paper reviewed the researches on the sources, exposure pathways, and environmental behavior of carbon nanomaterials, and thei r potential effects on the transport and fate of pollutants in the environment. The significances of the research on the assessment of environmental and ecologi cal risks of nanomaterials were discussed.