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香蕉抗(感)病品种根系分泌物对枯萎病菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的生物效应
引用本文:甘林,代玉立,杨秀娟,杜宜新,石妞妞,阮宏椿,陈福如.香蕉抗(感)病品种根系分泌物对枯萎病菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的生物效应[J].应用生态学报,2020,31(7):2279-2286.
作者姓名:甘林  代玉立  杨秀娟  杜宜新  石妞妞  阮宏椿  陈福如
作者单位:1.福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 福州 350013;2.福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室, 福州 350003
基金项目:福建省属公益类科研院所专项(2016R1023-2)和福建省农业科学院植物保护创新团队项目(STIT2017-1-8)资助
摘    要:为明确香蕉根系分泌物对枯萎病菌及其生防枯草芽孢杆菌的生物效应,采用离位溶液培养法收集抗枯萎病香蕉品种(南天黄)和感枯萎病香蕉品种(桂蕉6号)的根系分泌物,研究根系分泌物对土壤微生物种群数量、香蕉枯萎病菌和枯草芽孢杆菌生长的影响。结果表明: 抗病品种根系分泌物能显著减少土壤真菌的数量,抑制枯萎病菌孢子的萌发;而感病品种根系分泌物能显著促进病菌菌丝生长和孢子的萌发,两个品种根系分泌物均能显著促进枯草芽孢杆菌的生长和生物膜形成。经抗(感)病香蕉品种根系分泌物处理,病菌菌丝生长速率分别为11.28和12.28 mm·d-1,病菌孢子的萌发率分别为34.6%和79.5%;枯草芽孢杆菌培养12 h后菌体生长量的OD600分别为1.27和1.14,生物膜形成量在静置培养72 h后OD570分别达1.11和1.30,两个品种处理间的差异均达显著水平。枯草芽孢杆菌在香蕉感病品种根际中定殖的菌量显著高于抗病品种。通过对两个品种根系分泌物中可溶性总糖、游离氨基酸和有机酸的含量和组成分析,发现抗病品种根系分泌物中有机酸和游离氨基酸的含量明显高于感病品种,在各组成成分中,以乙酸和脯氨酸在抗(感)病香蕉品种根系分泌物中含量比值较高,分别达3.7和2.4倍。综上所述,抗病品种根系分泌物能抑制病菌生长,感病品种根系分泌物则会显著促进病菌生长,而两个品种根系分泌物均能显著促进枯草芽孢杆菌的生长和生物膜的形成。

关 键 词:香蕉  根系分泌物  香蕉枯萎病菌  枯草芽孢杆菌  生物效应  
收稿时间:2020-01-03

Biological effects of root exudates from resistant and susceptible banana varieties on Fusaiurm oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Bacillus subtilis
GAN Lin,DAI Yu-li,YANG Xiu-juan,DU Yi-xin,SHI Niu-niu,RUAN Hong-chun,CHEN Fu-ru.Biological effects of root exudates from resistant and susceptible banana varieties on Fusaiurm oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Bacillus subtilis[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2020,31(7):2279-2286.
Authors:GAN Lin  DAI Yu-li  YANG Xiu-juan  DU Yi-xin  SHI Niu-niu  RUAN Hong-chun  CHEN Fu-ru
Affiliation:1.Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science, Fuzhou 350013, China;2.Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350003, China
Abstract:Root exudates of banana resistant variety (‘Nantianhuang') and susceptible variety (‘Guijiao No. 6') to Fusarium wilt were collected in vitro by bathing root system to examine the biological effects of root exudates from banana varieties on Fusaiurm oxysporum f. sp. cubense and Bacillus subtilis. We explored the effects of root exudates of different banana varieties on the abundance of soil microorganisms and the growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense and B. subtilis. The results showed that root exudates from resistant variety could significantly reduce the abundance of soil fungi and inhibit the spore germination of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Root exudates from susceptible variety could significantly stimulate mycelia growth and spores germination, whereas root exudates from the tested banana varieties could significantly increase the growth and biofilm formation of B. subtilis. By dealing with the root exudates of resistant and susceptible varieties, the growth rate of mycelia were 11.28 and 12.28 mm·d-1, and the germination rate of spores were 34.6% and 79.5%, respectively. After culturing for 12 h, the growth rates of B. subtilis (OD600) were 1.27 and 1.14, and the biofilm formation (OD570) were 1.11 and 1.30 after static culturing 72 h, respectively. There were significant differences between the values of resistant and susceptible varieties. The colonization amount of B. subtilis in the rhizosphere of susceptible variety was significantly higher than that of resistant variety. The contents of free amino acids and organic acid in root exudates of the resistant variety were higher than that of susceptible variety. The content ratio of acetic acid and proline in the root exudates of resistant variety were 3.7 times and 2.4 times of that of susceptible variety. In conclusion, root exudates of banana resistant variety could inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Root exudates from susceptible variety could promote the growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense,while that from the tested banana varieties could all significantly enhance growth, biofilm formation and colonization ability of B. subtilis.
Keywords:banana  root exudates  Fusaiurm oxysporum f  sp  cubense  Bacillus subtilis  biological effect  
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