好氧反硝化菌脱氮特性研究进展

好氧反硝化菌的发现，是对传统反硝化理论的丰富与突破. 由于其在脱氮方面的独特优势，已成为目前废水生物脱氮领域研究的热点. 好氧反硝化菌能够在有氧条件下，利用有机碳源生长的同时将含氮化合物反硝化生成N2等气态氮化物，多数还能同时进行异养硝化作用，将铵态氮直接转化为含氮气体. 本文从电子理论、反硝化酶系等方面对目前已分离出的一些好氧反硝化菌的脱氮特性及其脱氮机理进行探讨，分析了溶解氧、碳源类型及C/N等环境条件对其脱氮作用的影响，介绍了好氧反硝化菌的筛选方法及应用现状，对其应用前景和发展方向进行了展望.

Research advances in denitrogenation characteristics of aerobic denitrifiers

The discovery of aerobic denitrifiers is the enrichment and breakthrough of traditional denitrification theory. Owing to their unique superiority in denitrogenation, aerobic denitrifiers have become a hotspot in the study of bio-denitrogenation of waste water. Under aerobic conditions, the aerobic denitrifiers can utilize organic carbon sources for their growth, and produce N₂ from nitrate and nitrite. Most of the denitrifiers can also proceed with heterotrophic nitrification simultaneously, transforming NH₄⁺-N to gaseous nitrogen. In this paper, the denitrogenation characteristics and action mechanisms of some isolated aerobic denitrifiers were discussed from the aspects of electron theory and denitrifying enzyme system. The effects of the environmental factors DO, carbon sources, and C/N on the denitrogenation process of aerobic denitrifiers were analyzed, and the screening methods as well as the present and potential applications of aerobic denitrifiers in wastewater treatment were described and discussed.