Allelopathic interactions between plants. Multi site action of allelochemicals |
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Authors: | A Gniazdowska R Bogatek |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw Agricultural University, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland |
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Abstract: | Allelopathy is defined as mechanism of plant-plant, plant-microorganisms, plant-virus, plant-insect, and plant-soil-plant
interactions mediated by plant- or microorganism-produced chemicals released to the environment. The majority of allelochemicals
are secondary metabolites and among others belong to terpenoids, phenolic compounds, organic cyanides and longchain fatty
acids. The action of allelochemicals in target plant is diverse and affects a large number of biochemical reactions resulting
in modifications of different physiological functions. Thus the results of allelochemical action can be detected at different
levels of plant organization: molecular, structural, biochemical, physiological and ecological. Enzyme activities, cell division
and ultrastructure, membrane permeability, ion uptake and as a consequence plant growth and development are modified by allelochemicals.
Significant effects on photosynthesis and respiration are the best-characterized results of allelopathic interactions. Moreover
allelopathic compounds seem to induce a secondary oxidative stress expressed as enhanced free radical production and induction
of cellular antioxidant system. Plant survival under allelopathy stress conditions depends on plant defense leading to allelochemical
detoxication, the process which may go on in parallel to cell defense reaction to oxidative stress.
The article presents some aspects of the current knowledge regarding mechanisms of the allelopathy phenomenon. The allelopathy
is a complex problem, thus comprehensive understanding of allelochemical mode of action requires further investigation and
still remains an open question. |
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Keywords: | BOA detoxication germination oxidative stress sorgoleone |
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