Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Cordia verbenacea extracts obtained by different methods |
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Authors: | Eliane MZ Michielin Ana A Salvador Carlos AS Riehl Artur Smnia Jr Elza FA Smnia Sandra RS Ferreira |
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Affiliation: | aChemical and Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, EQA/UFSC, C.P. 476, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil;bChemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, IQ-UFRJ, C.P. 68535, CEP 21941972, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;cMicrobiology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, CCB/UFSC, Brazil |
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Abstract: | The present study describes the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of extracts from Cordia verbenacea DC (Borraginaceae), a traditional medicinal plant that grows widely along the southeastern coast of Brazil. The extracts were obtained using different extraction techniques: high-pressure operations and low-pressure methods. The high-pressure technique was applied to obtain C. verbenacea extracts using pure CO2 and CO2 with co-solvent at pressures up to 30 MPa and temperatures of 30, 40 and 50 °C. Organic solvents such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, acetone and dichloromethane were used to obtain extracts by low-pressure processes. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was also subjected to screening against four strains of bacteria using the agar dilution method. The extraction yields were up to 5.0% w/w and up to 8.6% w/w for supercritical fluid extraction with pure CO2 and with ethyl acetate as co-solvent, respectively, while the low-pressure extraction indicates yields up to 24.0% w/w in the soxhlet extraction using water and aqueous mixture with 50% ethanol as solvents. The inhibitory activity of the extracts in Gram-positive bacteria was significantly higher than in Gram-negative. The quantification and the identification of the extracts recovered were accomplished using GC/MS analysis. The most important components identified in the extract were artemetin, β-sitosterol, α-humulene and β-caryophyllene, among others. |
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Keywords: | Supercritical fluid extraction Cordia verbenacea Chemical profile Antibacterial activity |
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