长角血蜱不同发育期盾窝超微结构的比较研究

为阐明蜱类盾窝及其发育特点，用扫描电镜观察了长角血蜱Haemaphysalis longicornis不同发育期盾窝的结构，并分析了血餐对盾窝发育的影响.结果表明：幼蜱仅具1对盾窝原基，且每个盾窝原基有1个盾窝孔；若蜱盾窝有了一定的发育，面积（长径×短径）增大且盾窝孔数增多（2~6个）；成蜱盾窝面积最大，且盾窝孔数达21~35个.盾窝的发育主要在幼蜱蜕皮阶段及若蜱的吸血和蜕皮阶段，雌蜱盾窝孔径显著大于雄蜱（P<0.01），成蜱、若蜱和幼蜱的盾窝孔孔径在吸血过程中（交配雌蜱除外）各虫期均无显著变化 （P>0.05）.综合分析成蜱与未成熟蜱盾窝孔径，发现它们之间无显著差异 （P>0.05），这在一定程度上说明蜱类的盾窝孔径在未成熟期可能已经有了雌雄分化.

Comparative studies on the fovea ultrastructure of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari:Ixodidae) in different developmental stages

 This study aims at the fine structure of tick foveae and its development. The fovea structure of Haemaphysalis longicornis at different developmental stages was studied with scanning electron microscopy, and the effect of blood feeding on the development of foveae was also analyzed. The foveal primordia were observed as paired depressions each containing only one slit-like pore in the larva. In the nymph, the foveae develop bigger and contain more pores （2-6）. The adult foveae are the biggest and contain 21-35 slit-like pores. The foveae mainly develop in moulting periods of the larva and feeding and moulting periods of the nymph. The diameter of foveae of the female was significantly longer than that of the male （P<0.01）, while there were no significant differences in the diameter of foveal pores during blood feeding of adult, nymph and larva （P>0.05） except that of the mating female. The difference of the foveal pores between adult and immature ticks was not significant （P>0.05）. The results suggest that sexual differences in diameter of the foveal pore may begin to form during the immature stages of ticks.